CWE-566: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled SQL Primary Key
Description
The product uses a database table that includes records that should not be accessible to an actor, but it executes a SQL statement with a primary key that can be controlled by that actor.
Submission Date :
July 19, 2006, midnight
Modification Date :
2023-06-29 00:00:00+00:00
Organization :
MITRE
Extended Description
When a user can set a primary key to any value, then the user can modify the key to point to unauthorized records.
Database access control errors occur when:
- Data enters a program from an untrusted source.
- The data is used to specify the value of a primary key in a SQL query.
- The untrusted source does not have the permissions to be able to access all rows in the associated table.
Example - 1
The following code uses a parameterized statement, which escapes metacharacters and prevents SQL injection vulnerabilities, to construct and execute a SQL query that searches for an invoice matching the specified identifier [1]. The identifier is selected from a list of all invoices associated with the current authenticated user.
...conn = new SqlConnection(_ConnectionString);conn.Open();int16 id = System.Convert.ToInt16(invoiceID.Text);SqlCommand query = new SqlCommand( "SELECT * FROM invoices WHERE id = @id", conn);query.Parameters.AddWithValue("@id", id);SqlDataReader objReader = objCommand.ExecuteReader();...The problem is that the developer has not considered all of the possible values of id. Although the interface generates a list of invoice identifiers that belong to the current user, an attacker can bypass this interface to request any desired invoice. Because the code in this example does not check to ensure that the user has permission to access the requested invoice, it will display any invoice, even if it does not belong to the current user.
Related Weaknesses
This table shows the weaknesses and high level categories that are related to this weakness. These relationships are defined to give an overview of the different insight to similar items that may exist at higher and lower levels of abstraction.
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