7.5
HIGH
CVE-2018-11040
Spring Framework JSONP Cross-Domain Request Vulnerability
Description

Spring Framework, versions 5.0.x prior to 5.0.7 and 4.3.x prior to 4.3.18 and older unsupported versions, allows web applications to enable cross-domain requests via JSONP (JSON with Padding) through AbstractJsonpResponseBodyAdvice for REST controllers and MappingJackson2JsonView for browser requests. Both are not enabled by default in Spring Framework nor Spring Boot, however, when MappingJackson2JsonView is configured in an application, JSONP support is automatically ready to use through the "jsonp" and "callback" JSONP parameters, enabling cross-domain requests.

INFO

Published Date :

June 25, 2018, 3:29 p.m.

Last Modified :

June 23, 2022, 4:31 p.m.

Source :

[email protected]

Remotely Exploitable :

Yes !

Impact Score :

3.6

Exploitability Score :

3.9
Public PoC/Exploit Available at Github

CVE-2018-11040 has a 3 public PoC/Exploit available at Github. Go to the Public Exploits tab to see the list.

Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2018-11040 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Oracle weblogic_server
2 Oracle application_testing_suite
3 Oracle enterprise_manager_ops_center
4 Oracle retail_predictive_application_server
5 Oracle mysql_enterprise_monitor
6 Oracle hospitality_guest_access
7 Oracle retail_xstore_point_of_service
8 Oracle flexcube_private_banking
9 Oracle communications_services_gatekeeper
10 Oracle communications_unified_inventory_management
11 Oracle insurance_rules_palette
12 Oracle retail_service_backbone
13 Oracle communications_network_integrity
14 Oracle enterprise_manager
15 Oracle retail_customer_insights
16 Oracle communications_online_mediation_controller
17 Oracle endeca_information_discovery_integrator
18 Oracle healthcare_master_person_index
19 Oracle insurance_calculation_engine
20 Oracle micros_lucas
21 Oracle retail_advanced_inventory_planning
22 Oracle retail_clearance_optimization_engine
23 Oracle retail_markdown_optimization
24 Oracle utilities_network_management_system
25 Oracle agile_product_lifecycle_management
26 Oracle product_lifecycle_management
1 Debian debian_linux
1 Vmware spring_framework
1 Pivotal_software spring_framework
: Total Affected Vendor : 4 | Products : 29
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2018-11040.

URL Resource
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2018-4428296.html Patch Third Party Advisory
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/04/msg00022.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
https://pivotal.io/security/cve-2018-11040 Mitigation Vendor Advisory
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2020.html Patch Third Party Advisory
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html Patch Third Party Advisory
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html Patch Third Party Advisory
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuapr2019-5072813.html Patch Third Party Advisory
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2019-5072801.html Patch Third Party Advisory
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2019-5072835.html Patch Third Party Advisory

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

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haba713/depcheck-gretty-issue

None

Java

Updated: 1 week, 4 days ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : Sept. 5, 2024, 7:56 a.m. This repo has been linked 26 different CVEs too.
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scordero1234/java_sec_demo-main

None

Java HTML CSS JavaScript

Updated: 1 year, 2 months ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : July 6, 2023, 12:59 a.m. This repo has been linked 39 different CVEs too.
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ilmari666/cybsec

Cyber Securiy MOOC Unsecure project

Java HTML

Updated: 2 years, 2 months ago
1 stars 1 fork 1 watcher
Born at : Dec. 29, 2019, 12:57 p.m. This repo has been linked 70 different CVEs too.

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2018-11040 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2018-11040 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    May. 14, 2024

    Action Type Old Value New Value
  • Reanalysis by [email protected]

    Jun. 23, 2022

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Changed CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:pivotal_software:spring_framework:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 4.3.0 up to (excluding) 4.3.18 *cpe:2.3:a:pivotal_software:spring_framework:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 5.0.0 up to (excluding) 5.0.7 OR *cpe:2.3:a:vmware:spring_framework:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 4.3.18 *cpe:2.3:a:vmware:spring_framework:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 5.0.0 up to (excluding) 5.0.7
  • Modified Analysis by [email protected]

    Apr. 13, 2022

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Removed CVSS V3 NIST AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
    Added CVSS V3.1 NIST AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
    Changed Reference Type https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/04/msg00022.html No Types Assigned https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/04/msg00022.html Mailing List, Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2020.html No Types Assigned https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2020.html Patch, Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html No Types Assigned https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html Patch, Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html No Types Assigned https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html Patch, Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2019-5072835.html No Types Assigned https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2019-5072835.html Patch, Third Party Advisory
    Changed CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:agile_product_lifecycle_management:9.3.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:agile_product_lifecycle_management:9.3.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:agile_product_lifecycle_management:9.3.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:application_testing_suite:12.5.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:application_testing_suite:13.1.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:application_testing_suite:13.2.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:application_testing_suite:13.3.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_services_gatekeeper:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 6.1.0.4.0 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_unified_inventory_management:7.3.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_unified_inventory_management:7.3.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_unified_inventory_management:7.3.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_unified_inventory_management:7.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:endeca_information_discovery_integrator:3.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:endeca_information_discovery_integrator:3.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:enterprise_manager:13.2:*:*:*:*:mysql:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:enterprise_manager_ops_center:12.3.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:2.0.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:2.2.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:12.0.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:12.0.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:12.1.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:healthcare_master_person_index:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:healthcare_master_person_index:4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:hospitality_guest_access:4.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:hospitality_guest_access:4.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:insurance_rules_palette:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:insurance_rules_palette:10.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:micros_lucas:2.9.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_enterprise_monitor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (including) 3.4.9.4237 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_enterprise_monitor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 3.4.10 up to (including) 4.0.6.5281 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_enterprise_monitor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 4.0.7 up to (including) 8.0.2.8191 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:product_lifecycle_management:9.3.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_customer_insights:15.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_customer_insights:16.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:utilities_network_management_system:1.12.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:weblogic_server:12.2.1.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* OR *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:agile_product_lifecycle_management:9.3.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:agile_product_lifecycle_management:9.3.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:agile_product_lifecycle_management:9.3.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:application_testing_suite:12.5.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:application_testing_suite:13.1.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:application_testing_suite:13.2.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:application_testing_suite:13.3.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_network_integrity:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 7.3.2 up to (including) 7.3.6 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_online_mediation_controller:6.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_services_gatekeeper:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 6.1.0.4.0 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_unified_inventory_management:7.3.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_unified_inventory_management:7.3.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_unified_inventory_management:7.3.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_unified_inventory_management:7.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:endeca_information_discovery_integrator:3.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:endeca_information_discovery_integrator:3.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:enterprise_manager:13.2:*:*:*:*:mysql:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:enterprise_manager_ops_center:12.3.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:2.0.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:2.2.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:12.0.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:12.0.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:12.1.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:healthcare_master_person_index:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:healthcare_master_person_index:4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:hospitality_guest_access:4.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:hospitality_guest_access:4.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:insurance_calculation_engine:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 11.0.0 up to (including) 11.3.1 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:insurance_rules_palette:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:insurance_rules_palette:10.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:micros_lucas:2.9.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_enterprise_monitor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (including) 3.4.9.4237 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_enterprise_monitor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 3.4.10 up to (including) 4.0.6.5281 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_enterprise_monitor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 4.0.7 up to (including) 8.0.2.8191 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:product_lifecycle_management:9.3.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_advanced_inventory_planning:15.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_clearance_optimization_engine:14.0.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_customer_insights:15.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_customer_insights:16.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_markdown_optimization:13.4.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_predictive_application_server:14.0.3.26:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_predictive_application_server:14.1.3.37:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_predictive_application_server:15.0.3.100:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_predictive_application_server:16.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_service_backbone:16.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_xstore_point_of_service:7.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:utilities_network_management_system:1.12.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:weblogic_server:12.2.1.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Oct. 20, 2021

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html [No Types Assigned]
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Apr. 23, 2021

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/04/msg00022.html [No Types Assigned]
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Jul. 15, 2020

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html [No Types Assigned]
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Jan. 15, 2020

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2020.html [No Types Assigned]
  • CWE Remap by [email protected]

    Oct. 03, 2019

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Changed CWE CWE-254 CWE-254 CWE-829
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Jul. 23, 2019

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2019-5072835.html [No Types Assigned]
  • Modified Analysis by [email protected]

    May. 10, 2019

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Changed Reference Type http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2018-4428296.html No Types Assigned http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2018-4428296.html Patch, Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuapr2019-5072813.html No Types Assigned https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuapr2019-5072813.html Patch, Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2019-5072801.html No Types Assigned https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2019-5072801.html Patch, Third Party Advisory
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:agile_product_lifecycle_management:9.3.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:agile_product_lifecycle_management:9.3.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:agile_product_lifecycle_management:9.3.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:application_testing_suite:12.5.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:application_testing_suite:13.1.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:application_testing_suite:13.2.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:application_testing_suite:13.3.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_services_gatekeeper:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 6.1.0.4.0 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_unified_inventory_management:7.3.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_unified_inventory_management:7.3.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_unified_inventory_management:7.3.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_unified_inventory_management:7.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:endeca_information_discovery_integrator:3.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:endeca_information_discovery_integrator:3.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:enterprise_manager:13.2:*:*:*:*:mysql:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:enterprise_manager_ops_center:12.3.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:2.0.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:2.2.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:12.0.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:12.0.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:12.1.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:healthcare_master_person_index:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:healthcare_master_person_index:4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:hospitality_guest_access:4.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:hospitality_guest_access:4.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:insurance_rules_palette:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:insurance_rules_palette:10.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:micros_lucas:2.9.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_enterprise_monitor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (including) 3.4.9.4237 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_enterprise_monitor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 3.4.10 up to (including) 4.0.6.5281 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_enterprise_monitor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 4.0.7 up to (including) 8.0.2.8191 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:product_lifecycle_management:9.3.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_customer_insights:15.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_customer_insights:16.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:utilities_network_management_system:1.12.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:weblogic_server:12.2.1.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Apr. 23, 2019

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuapr2019-5072813.html [No Types Assigned]
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Jan. 16, 2019

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2019-5072801.html [No Types Assigned]
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Oct. 17, 2018

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2018-4428296.html [No Types Assigned]
  • Initial Analysis by [email protected]

    Aug. 30, 2018

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CVSS V2 (AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N)
    Added CVSS V3 AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
    Changed Reference Type https://pivotal.io/security/cve-2018-11040 No Types Assigned https://pivotal.io/security/cve-2018-11040 Mitigation, Vendor Advisory
    Added CWE CWE-254
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:pivotal_software:spring_framework:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 4.3.0 up to (excluding) 4.3.18 *cpe:2.3:a:pivotal_software:spring_framework:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 5.0.0 up to (excluding) 5.0.7
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.
Exploit Prediction

EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days.

0.24 }} -0.02%

score

0.65067

percentile

CVSS31 - Vulnerability Scoring System
Attack Vector
Attack Complexity
Privileges Required
User Interaction
Scope
Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
: