9.8
CRITICAL CVSS 3.1
CVE-2020-37094
EspoCRM 5.7.0 < 5.9.0 - Two-Factor Authentication Bypass via Auth Token Reuse Between Accounts with Identical Passwords
Description

EspoCRM 5.7.0 prior to 5.9.0 contains an authentication token reuse vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers to bypass two-factor authentication by exploiting token-to-password-hash mapping in application/Espo/Core/Utils/Authentication/Espo.php. Attackers can obtain an authentication token for a controlled account and replay it against any victim account sharing the same password, since tokens are bound to password hashes rather than unique per-user values, bypassing the victim's 2FA protections.

INFO

Published Date :

Feb. 3, 2026, 10:16 p.m.

Last Modified :

July 15, 2026, 2:17 a.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2020-37094 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Espocrm espocrm
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
CVSS 3.1 CRITICAL 83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10
CVSS 3.1 CRITICAL [email protected]
CVSS 3.1 CRITICAL MITRE-CVE
CVSS 3.1 HIGH [email protected]
CVSS 4.0 HIGH 83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10
CVSS 4.0 HIGH [email protected]
CVSS 4.0 HIGH [email protected]
Solution
Update EspoCRM to a patched version to fix authentication bypass via token manipulation.
  • Update EspoCRM to the latest secure version.
  • Validate user authorization headers.
  • Remove or invalidate manipulated tokens.
  • Monitor for unauthorized access attempts.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2020-37094.

URL Resource
https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm/commit/b299220dd0c7acdaa1ed8be8ffd79c7985093c7a
https://www.espocrm.com Product
https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/48376 Exploit VDB Entry
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/espocrm-two-factor-auth-bypass-via-auth-token-reuse-between-accounts-with-identical-passwords
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2020-37094 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2020-37094 weaknesses.

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2020-37094 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2020-37094 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Jul. 15, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Changed Affected [{'repo': 'https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm', 'vendor': 'EspoCRM', 'product': 'EspoCRM', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.7.0', 'lessThan': '5.9.0', 'versionType': 'semver'}], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}] [{'repo': 'https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm', 'vendor': 'EspoCRM', 'product': 'EspoCRM', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.7.0', 'lessThan': '5.9.0', 'versionType': 'semver'}], 'packageURL': 'pkg:github/espocrm/espocrm', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}]
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Jul. 10, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Changed Affected [{'vendor': 'EspoCRM', 'product': 'EspoCRM', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.8.5'}]}] [{'repo': 'https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm', 'vendor': 'EspoCRM', 'product': 'EspoCRM', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.7.0', 'lessThan': '5.9.0', 'versionType': 'semver'}], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}]
    Changed Description EspoCRM 5.8.5 contains an authentication vulnerability that allows attackers to access other user accounts by manipulating authorization headers. Attackers can decode and modify Basic Authorization and Espo-Authorization tokens to gain unauthorized access to administrative user information and privileges. EspoCRM 5.7.0 prior to 5.9.0 contains an authentication token reuse vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers to bypass two-factor authentication by exploiting token-to-password-hash mapping in application/Espo/Core/Utils/Authentication/Espo.php. Attackers can obtain an authentication token for a controlled account and replay it against any victim account sharing the same password, since tokens are bound to password hashes rather than unique per-user values, bypassing the victim's 2FA protections.
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Removed CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
    Removed CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
    Added CWE CWE-303
    Removed CWE CWE-639
    Added Reference https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm/commit/b299220dd0c7acdaa1ed8be8ffd79c7985093c7a
    Added Reference https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/espocrm-two-factor-auth-bypass-via-auth-token-reuse-between-accounts-with-identical-passwords
    Removed Reference https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/espocrm-privilege-escalation
    Removed Reference Type https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/espocrm-privilege-escalation Types: Third Party Advisory
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Jun. 17, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Affected [{'vendor': 'EspoCRM', 'product': 'EspoCRM', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.8.5'}]}]
  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    Jun. 17, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added SSVC {'id': 'CVE-2020-37094', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'poc'}, {'automatable': 'yes'}, {'technicalImpact': 'total'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2026-02-04T19:36:20.554721Z'}
  • Initial Analysis by [email protected]

    Mar. 03, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:espocrm:espocrm:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (including) 5.8.5
    Added Reference Type VulnCheck: https://www.espocrm.com Types: Product
    Added Reference Type VulnCheck: https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/48376 Types: Exploit, VDB Entry
    Added Reference Type VulnCheck: https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/espocrm-privilege-escalation Types: Third Party Advisory
  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Feb. 03, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Description EspoCRM 5.8.5 contains an authentication vulnerability that allows attackers to access other user accounts by manipulating authorization headers. Attackers can decode and modify Basic Authorization and Espo-Authorization tokens to gain unauthorized access to administrative user information and privileges.
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
    Added CWE CWE-639
    Added Reference https://www.espocrm.com
    Added Reference https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/48376
    Added Reference https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/espocrm-privilege-escalation
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.