CVE-2021-42114
Samsung PC-DDR4 Rowhammer Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Description
Modern DRAM devices (PC-DDR4, LPDDR4X) are affected by a vulnerability in their internal Target Row Refresh (TRR) mitigation against Rowhammer attacks. Novel non-uniform Rowhammer access patterns, consisting of aggressors with different frequencies, phases, and amplitudes allow triggering bit flips on affected memory modules using our Blacksmith fuzzer. The patterns generated by Blacksmith were able to trigger bitflips on all 40 PC-DDR4 DRAM devices in our test pool, which cover the three major DRAM manufacturers: Samsung, SK Hynix, and Micron. This means that, even when chips advertised as Rowhammer-free are used, attackers may still be able to exploit Rowhammer. For example, this enables privilege-escalation attacks against the kernel or binaries such as the sudo binary, and also triggering bit flips in RSA-2048 keys (e.g., SSH keys) to gain cross-tenant virtual-machine access. We can confirm that DRAM devices acquired in July 2020 with DRAM chips from all three major DRAM vendors (Samsung, SK Hynix, Micron) are affected by this vulnerability. For more details, please refer to our publication.
INFO
Published Date :
Nov. 16, 2021, 12:15 p.m.
Last Modified :
Nov. 29, 2021, 6:45 p.m.
Source :
[email protected]
Remotely Exploitable :
Yes !
Impact Score :
6.0
Exploitability Score :
2.2
Public PoC/Exploit Available at Github
CVE-2021-42114 has a 1 public PoC/Exploit
available at Github.
Go to the Public Exploits
tab to see the list.
Affected Products
The following products are affected by CVE-2021-42114
vulnerability.
Even if cvefeed.io
is aware of the exact versions of the
products
that
are
affected, the information is not represented in the table below.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2021-42114
.
URL | Resource |
---|---|
https://comsec.ethz.ch/research/dram/blacksmith/ | Exploit Third Party Advisory |
https://comsec.ethz.ch/wp-content/files/blacksmith_sp22.pdf | Exploit Third Party Advisory |
https://github.com/comsec-group/blacksmith | Exploit Third Party Advisory |
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
Microarchitectural exploitation and other hardware attacks.
meltdown spectre rowhammer microarchitecture infosec hardware state-of-the-art research proof-of-concept exploitation foreshadow sgx intel amd arm side-channel-attacks speculative-execution evictions cache-attack data-sampling
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2021-42114
vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2021-42114
vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
-
CVE Modified by [email protected]
May. 14, 2024
Action Type Old Value New Value -
Reanalysis by [email protected]
Nov. 29, 2021
Action Type Old Value New Value Removed CVSS V2 NIST (AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C) Added CVSS V2 NIST (AV:A/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C) Removed CVSS V3.1 NIST AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Added CVSS V3.1 NIST AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H -
Initial Analysis by [email protected]
Nov. 18, 2021
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CVSS V2 NIST (AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C) Added CVSS V3.1 NIST AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Changed Reference Type https://comsec.ethz.ch/research/dram/blacksmith/ No Types Assigned https://comsec.ethz.ch/research/dram/blacksmith/ Exploit, Third Party Advisory Changed Reference Type https://comsec.ethz.ch/wp-content/files/blacksmith_sp22.pdf No Types Assigned https://comsec.ethz.ch/wp-content/files/blacksmith_sp22.pdf Exploit, Third Party Advisory Changed Reference Type https://github.com/comsec-group/blacksmith No Types Assigned https://github.com/comsec-group/blacksmith Exploit, Third Party Advisory Added CWE NIST NVD-CWE-Other Added CPE Configuration AND OR *cpe:2.3:o:samsung:ddr4_sdram_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* OR cpe:2.3:h:samsung:ddr4_sdram:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Added CPE Configuration AND OR *cpe:2.3:o:samsung:lddr4_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* OR cpe:2.3:h:samsung:lddr4:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Added CPE Configuration AND OR *cpe:2.3:o:micron:lddr4_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* OR cpe:2.3:h:micron:lddr4:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Added CPE Configuration AND OR *cpe:2.3:o:micron:ddr4_sdram_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* OR cpe:2.3:h:micron:ddr4_sdram:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Added CPE Configuration AND OR *cpe:2.3:o:skhynix:ddr4_sdram_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* OR cpe:2.3:h:skhynix:ddr4_sdram:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Added CPE Configuration AND OR *cpe:2.3:o:skhynix:lddr4_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* OR cpe:2.3:h:skhynix:lddr4:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* -
CVE Modified by [email protected]
Nov. 16, 2021
Action Type Old Value New Value Removed Reference https://comsec.ethz.ch/wp-content/files/blacksmith_sec22.pdf [No Types Assigned] Added Reference https://comsec.ethz.ch/wp-content/files/blacksmith_sp22.pdf [No Types Assigned]
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2021-42114
is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2021-42114
weaknesses.
Exploit Prediction
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days.
0.15 }} 0.02%
score
0.52177
percentile