1. Home
  2. Vulnerabilities
  3. CVE-2021-44521
9.1
CRITICAL CVSS 3.1
CVE-2021-44521
Apache Cassandra Arbitrary Code Execution Vulnerability
Description

When running Apache Cassandra with the following configuration: enable_user_defined_functions: true enable_scripted_user_defined_functions: true enable_user_defined_functions_threads: false it is possible for an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the host. The attacker would need to have enough permissions to create user defined functions in the cluster to be able to exploit this. Note that this configuration is documented as unsafe, and will continue to be considered unsafe after this CVE.

INFO

Published Date :

Feb. 11, 2022, 1:15 p.m.

Last Modified :

Nov. 21, 2024, 6:31 a.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !

Source :

[email protected]
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2021-44521 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Apache cassandra
: Total Affected Vendor : 1 | Products : 1
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 2.0 HIGH [email protected]
CVSS 3.1 CRITICAL [email protected]
Solution
The Apache Cassandra installation is vulnerable to arbitrary code execution.
  • Update the affected packages.
  • Update the affected Linux packages.
Public PoC/Exploit Available at Github

CVE-2021-44521 has a 18 public PoC/Exploit available at Github. Go to the Public Exploits tab to see the list.

References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2021-44521.

URL Resource
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/02/11/4 Mailing List Third Party Advisory
https://jfrog.com/blog/cve-2021-44521-exploiting-apache-cassandra-user-defined-functions-for-remote-code-execution/ Exploit Mitigation Third Party Advisory
https://lists.apache.org/thread/y4nb9s4co34j8hdfmrshyl09lokm7356 Issue Tracking Mailing List Vendor Advisory
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20220225-0001/ Third Party Advisory
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/02/11/4 Mailing List Third Party Advisory
https://jfrog.com/blog/cve-2021-44521-exploiting-apache-cassandra-user-defined-functions-for-remote-code-execution/ Exploit Mitigation Third Party Advisory
https://lists.apache.org/thread/y4nb9s4co34j8hdfmrshyl09lokm7356 Issue Tracking Mailing List Vendor Advisory
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20220225-0001/ Third Party Advisory
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2021-44521 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2021-44521 weaknesses.

CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables Manipulating User-Controlled Variables CAPEC-242: Code Injection Code Injection CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs CAPEC-17: Using Malicious Files Using Malicious Files CAPEC-60: Reusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay) Reusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay) CAPEC-61: Session Fixation Session Fixation CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery Cross Site Request Forgery CAPEC-122: Privilege Abuse Privilege Abuse CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing Directory Indexing CAPEC-180: Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels CAPEC-206: Signing Malicious Code Signing Malicious Code CAPEC-234: Hijacking a privileged process Hijacking a privileged process CAPEC-642: Replace Binaries Replace Binaries

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Profile Photo
chenxianshen789/0day

None

JavaScript Python PHP Ruby C Shell Java C++ Assembly Makefile

Updated: 1 year, 2 months ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : May 30, 2024, 10:21 a.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
as95m5/0day

None

JavaScript Python PHP Ruby C Shell Java C++ Assembly Makefile

Updated: 5 months, 2 weeks ago
1 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : April 1, 2024, 8:33 a.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
NaInSec/CVE-PoC-in-GitHub

All CVE - PoC in GitHub

poc proofofconcept tester allcve cvegithub cvenew cvepoc cveupdate

Updated: 2 months, 3 weeks ago
12 stars 3 fork 3 watcher
Born at : March 22, 2024, 3:58 p.m. This repo has been linked 931 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
zecool/cve

None

Updated: 2 months ago
2 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : March 11, 2024, 1:21 p.m. This repo has been linked 935 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
Yeyvo/poc-CVE-2021-44521

full PoC of CVE-2021-44521

Python

Updated: 1 year ago
1 stars 1 fork 1 watcher
Born at : Dec. 3, 2022, 9:35 p.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
WhooAmii/POC_to_review

None

Updated: 3 months ago
2 stars 2 fork 2 watcher
Born at : Nov. 25, 2022, 5:43 p.m. This repo has been linked 935 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
GGStudy-DDUp/0day

https://github.com/TryGOTry/0day.git

JavaScript Python PHP Ruby C Shell Java C++ Assembly Makefile

Updated: 1 year, 3 months ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : Sept. 26, 2022, 6:54 a.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
fei9747/0day-1

None

JavaScript Python PHP Ruby C Shell Java C++ Assembly Makefile

Updated: 3 years, 1 month ago
0 stars 1 fork 1 watcher
Born at : July 20, 2022, 3:13 a.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
n0tfund404/nday

None

JavaScript Python PHP Ruby C Shell Java C++ Assembly Makefile

Updated: 2 years, 9 months ago
1 stars 3 fork 3 watcher
Born at : July 11, 2022, 9:36 p.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
merlinepedra/ODAY

None

JavaScript Python PHP Ruby C Shell Java C++ Assembly Makefile

Updated: 1 year ago
3 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : July 5, 2022, 12:29 p.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
soosmile/POC

None

Updated: 4 months, 3 weeks ago
9 stars 1 fork 1 watcher
Born at : June 21, 2022, 7:45 a.m. This repo has been linked 944 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
Micr067/0day

None

JavaScript Python PHP Ruby C Shell Java C++ Assembly Makefile

Updated: 2 years, 3 months ago
4 stars 2 fork 2 watcher
Born at : June 18, 2022, 2:49 a.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
helloexp/0day

各种CMS、各种平台、各种系统、各种软件漏洞的EXP、POC ,该项目将持续更新

exploit

JavaScript Python PHP Ruby C Shell Java C++ Assembly Makefile

Updated: 1 month ago
2199 stars 789 fork 789 watcher
Born at : April 7, 2022, 4:28 a.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
takeboy/https-github.com-Lucifer1993-0day

None

JavaScript Python PHP Ruby C Shell Java C++ Assembly Makefile

Updated: 6 months, 2 weeks ago
3 stars 2 fork 2 watcher
Born at : April 1, 2022, 5:36 a.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.
Profile Photo
jonathanscheibel/PyNmap

None

Python Shell

Updated: 3 years, 4 months ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : March 30, 2022, 10:12 p.m. This repo has been linked 4 different CVEs too.

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2021-44521 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

Results are limited to the first 20 news articles due to potential performance issues.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2021-44521 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • CVE Modified by af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108

    Nov. 21, 2024

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/02/11/4
    Added Reference https://jfrog.com/blog/cve-2021-44521-exploiting-apache-cassandra-user-defined-functions-for-remote-code-execution/
    Added Reference https://lists.apache.org/thread/y4nb9s4co34j8hdfmrshyl09lokm7356
    Added Reference https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20220225-0001/
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    May. 14, 2024

    Action Type Old Value New Value
  • Reanalysis by [email protected]

    Aug. 09, 2022

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Removed CWE NIST CWE-94
    Added CWE NIST CWE-732
  • Modified Analysis by [email protected]

    Mar. 29, 2022

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Changed Reference Type https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20220225-0001/ No Types Assigned https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20220225-0001/ Third Party Advisory
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Feb. 25, 2022

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20220225-0001/ [No Types Assigned]
  • Initial Analysis by [email protected]

    Feb. 18, 2022

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CVSS V2 NIST (AV:N/AC:M/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C)
    Added CVSS V3.1 NIST AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
    Changed Reference Type http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/02/11/4 No Types Assigned http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/02/11/4 Mailing List, Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://jfrog.com/blog/cve-2021-44521-exploiting-apache-cassandra-user-defined-functions-for-remote-code-execution/ No Types Assigned https://jfrog.com/blog/cve-2021-44521-exploiting-apache-cassandra-user-defined-functions-for-remote-code-execution/ Exploit, Mitigation, Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://lists.apache.org/thread/y4nb9s4co34j8hdfmrshyl09lokm7356 No Types Assigned https://lists.apache.org/thread/y4nb9s4co34j8hdfmrshyl09lokm7356 Issue Tracking, Mailing List, Vendor Advisory
    Added CWE NIST CWE-94
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:apache:cassandra:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 3.0.0 up to (excluding) 3.0.26 *cpe:2.3:a:apache:cassandra:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 3.11.0 up to (excluding) 3.11.12 *cpe:2.3:a:apache:cassandra:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 4.0.0 up to (excluding) 4.0.2
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Feb. 16, 2022

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://jfrog.com/blog/cve-2021-44521-exploiting-apache-cassandra-user-defined-functions-for-remote-code-execution/ [No Types Assigned]
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Feb. 11, 2022

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/02/11/4 [No Types Assigned]
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.
Vulnerability Scoring Details
Base CVSS Score: 9.1
Attack Vector
Attack Complexity
Privileges Required
User Interaction
Scope
Confidentiality Impact
Integrity Impact
Availability Impact
Base CVSS Score: 8.5
Access Vector
Access Complexity
Authentication
Confidentiality Impact
Integrity Impact
Availability Impact
Exploit Prediction

EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days.

91.23 }} 0.57%

score

0.99637

percentile