8.7
HIGH CVSS 4.0
CVE-2021-47996
Nokogiri before 1.11.4 Multiple Vulnerabilities via libxml2
Description

Nokogiri before 1.11.4 (CRuby implementation only, when the packaged/vendored libxml2 is used) bundles libxml2 2.9.10, which is affected by multiple vulnerabilities addressed in libxml2 2.9.12, including a memory leak in xmlSchemaValidateStream (CVE-2019-20388), a global buffer over-read in xmlEncodeEntitiesInternal (CVE-2020-24977), a heap-based buffer overflow (CVE-2021-3517), and an out-of-bounds read (CVE-2021-3518). Processing crafted XML documents may lead to denial of service, information disclosure, or memory corruption.

INFO

Published Date :

Aug. 25, 2026, 4:16 p.m.

Last Modified :

Aug. 25, 2026, 4:16 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2021-47996 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

No affected product recoded yet

CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 3.1 HIGH 83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10
CVSS 3.1 HIGH [email protected]
CVSS 4.0 HIGH 83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10
CVSS 4.0 HIGH [email protected]
Solution
Update Nokogiri to a version that bundles libxml2 2.9.12 or later.
  • Update Nokogiri to version 1.11.4 or later.
  • Ensure libxml2 is updated to 2.9.12 or later.
  • Recompile software if necessary.
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2021-47996 is associated with the following CWEs:

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2021-47996 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2021-47996 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Aug. 25, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Affected [{'vendor': 'sparklemotion', 'product': 'nokogiri', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '0', 'lessThan': '1.11.4', 'versionType': 'semver'}, {'status': 'unaffected', 'version': '1.11.4', 'versionType': 'semver'}], 'packageURL': 'pkg:gem/nokogiri', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}]
    Added Description Nokogiri before 1.11.4 (CRuby implementation only, when the packaged/vendored libxml2 is used) bundles libxml2 2.9.10, which is affected by multiple vulnerabilities addressed in libxml2 2.9.12, including a memory leak in xmlSchemaValidateStream (CVE-2019-20388), a global buffer over-read in xmlEncodeEntitiesInternal (CVE-2020-24977), a heap-based buffer overflow (CVE-2021-3517), and an out-of-bounds read (CVE-2021-3518). Processing crafted XML documents may lead to denial of service, information disclosure, or memory corruption.
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
    Added CWE CWE-119
    Added Reference https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/commit/0e1a49c8907645d2e155f0d89d4d9895ac5112b5
    Added Reference https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/commit/1098c30a040e72a4654968547f415be4e4c40fe7
    Added Reference https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/commit/1358d157d0bd83be1dfe356a69213df9fac0b539
    Added Reference https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/commit/50f06b3efb638efb0abd95dc62dca05ae67882c2
    Added Reference https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/commit/7ffcd44d7e6c46704f8af0321d9314cd26e0e18a
    Added Reference https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/commit/8598060bacada41a0eb09d95c97744ff4e428f8e
    Added Reference https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/commit/babe75030c7f64a37826bb3342317134568bef61
    Added Reference https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/commit/bf22713507fe1fc3a2c4b525cf0a88c2dc87a3a2
    Added Reference https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/security/advisories/GHSA-7rrm-v45f-jp64
    Added Reference https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nokogiri-before-multiple-vulnerabilities-via-libxml2
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.