Known Exploited Vulnerability
9.8
CRITICAL
CVE-2022-46169
Cacti Command Injection Vulnerability - [Actively Exploited]
Description

Cacti is an open source platform which provides a robust and extensible operational monitoring and fault management framework for users. In affected versions a command injection vulnerability allows an unauthenticated user to execute arbitrary code on a server running Cacti, if a specific data source was selected for any monitored device. The vulnerability resides in the `remote_agent.php` file. This file can be accessed without authentication. This function retrieves the IP address of the client via `get_client_addr` and resolves this IP address to the corresponding hostname via `gethostbyaddr`. After this, it is verified that an entry within the `poller` table exists, where the hostname corresponds to the resolved hostname. If such an entry was found, the function returns `true` and the client is authorized. This authorization can be bypassed due to the implementation of the `get_client_addr` function. The function is defined in the file `lib/functions.php` and checks serval `$_SERVER` variables to determine the IP address of the client. The variables beginning with `HTTP_` can be arbitrarily set by an attacker. Since there is a default entry in the `poller` table with the hostname of the server running Cacti, an attacker can bypass the authentication e.g. by providing the header `Forwarded-For: <TARGETIP>`. This way the function `get_client_addr` returns the IP address of the server running Cacti. The following call to `gethostbyaddr` will resolve this IP address to the hostname of the server, which will pass the `poller` hostname check because of the default entry. After the authorization of the `remote_agent.php` file is bypassed, an attacker can trigger different actions. One of these actions is called `polldata`. The called function `poll_for_data` retrieves a few request parameters and loads the corresponding `poller_item` entries from the database. If the `action` of a `poller_item` equals `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP`, the function `proc_open` is used to execute a PHP script. The attacker-controlled parameter `$poller_id` is retrieved via the function `get_nfilter_request_var`, which allows arbitrary strings. This variable is later inserted into the string passed to `proc_open`, which leads to a command injection vulnerability. By e.g. providing the `poller_id=;id` the `id` command is executed. In order to reach the vulnerable call, the attacker must provide a `host_id` and `local_data_id`, where the `action` of the corresponding `poller_item` is set to `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP`. Both of these ids (`host_id` and `local_data_id`) can easily be bruteforced. The only requirement is that a `poller_item` with an `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP` action exists. This is very likely on a productive instance because this action is added by some predefined templates like `Device - Uptime` or `Device - Polling Time`. This command injection vulnerability allows an unauthenticated user to execute arbitrary commands if a `poller_item` with the `action` type `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP` (`2`) is configured. The authorization bypass should be prevented by not allowing an attacker to make `get_client_addr` (file `lib/functions.php`) return an arbitrary IP address. This could be done by not honoring the `HTTP_...` `$_SERVER` variables. If these should be kept for compatibility reasons it should at least be prevented to fake the IP address of the server running Cacti. This vulnerability has been addressed in both the 1.2.x and 1.3.x release branches with `1.2.23` being the first release containing the patch.

INFO

Published Date :

Dec. 5, 2022, 9:15 p.m.

Last Modified :

June 28, 2024, 1:43 p.m.

Remotely Exploitable :

Yes !

Impact Score :

5.9

Exploitability Score :

3.9
CISA Notification
CISA KEV (Known Exploited Vulnerabilities)

For the benefit of the cybersecurity community and network defenders—and to help every organization better manage vulnerabilities and keep pace with threat activity—CISA maintains the authoritative source of vulnerabilities that have been exploited in the wild.

Description :

Cacti contains a command injection vulnerability that allows an unauthenticated user to execute code.

Required Action :

Apply updates per vendor instructions.

Notes :

https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/security/advisories/GHSA-6p93-p743-35gf

Public PoC/Exploit Available at Github

CVE-2022-46169 has a 66 public PoC/Exploit available at Github. Go to the Public Exploits tab to see the list.

Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2022-46169 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Cacti cacti
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2022-46169.

URL Resource
https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/commit/7f0e16312dd5ce20f93744ef8b9c3b0f1ece2216 Patch Third Party Advisory
https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/commit/a8d59e8fa5f0054aa9c6981b1cbe30ef0e2a0ec9 Patch Third Party Advisory
https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/commit/b43f13ae7f1e6bfe4e8e56a80a7cd867cf2db52b Patch Third Party Advisory
https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/security/advisories/GHSA-6p93-p743-35gf Exploit Mitigation Patch Third Party Advisory

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

This repository is designed to provide a comprehensive collection of study materials, notes, and resources for the Offensive Security Certified Professional (OSCP) exam. It covers all key topics from basic to advanced, helping aspiring penetration testers to prepare efficiently for the exam.

cybersecurity hacking oscp oscp-guide oscp-journey oscp-prep

Updated: 2 days, 15 hours ago
1 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : Oct. 4, 2024, 4:43 p.m. This repo has been linked 75 different CVEs too.

None

Python C Shell PHP PowerShell ASP.NET

Updated: 6 days, 16 hours ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : Oct. 1, 2024, 2:21 p.m. This repo has been linked 66 different CVEs too.

这是一个每天同步Vulnerability-Wiki中docs-base中内容的项目

HTML

Updated: 2 weeks, 6 days ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : Sept. 20, 2024, 3:27 a.m. This repo has been linked 203 different CVEs too.

PoC for Cacti 1.2.22 - CVE-2022-46169

Go

Updated: 1 month ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : Sept. 4, 2024, 11:13 p.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.

None

HTML

Updated: 3 months, 3 weeks ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : June 12, 2024, 8:24 a.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.

OSCP and stuffs

Updated: 1 month, 2 weeks ago
1 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : April 19, 2024, 8:18 p.m. This repo has been linked 63 different CVEs too.

None

Python C Shell

Updated: 2 months, 3 weeks ago
1 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : March 29, 2024, 5:29 a.m. This repo has been linked 62 different CVEs too.

None

Python

Updated: 6 months, 1 week ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : March 28, 2024, 7:23 p.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.

OffSec Certified Professional Certification (OSCP).

oscp oscp-cheatsheet oscp-guide oscp-journey oscp-prep oscp-tools offsec-certified-professional-certification offensive-security offensivesecurity awesome-list awesome-lists cheatsheet offensive-ops

Updated: 7 months ago
1 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : March 5, 2024, 9:21 a.m. This repo has been linked 61 different CVEs too.

Oscp-notes

Updated: 1 month, 2 weeks ago
1 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : March 3, 2024, 5:12 a.m. This repo has been linked 61 different CVEs too.

None

CSS HTML JavaScript

Updated: 8 months, 1 week ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : Feb. 2, 2024, 2:11 p.m. This repo has been linked 494 different CVEs too.

None

Updated: 8 months, 2 weeks ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : Jan. 26, 2024, 10:07 a.m. This repo has been linked 161 different CVEs too.

None

Python C Shell

Updated: 9 months ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : Jan. 7, 2024, 10:22 a.m. This repo has been linked 61 different CVEs too.

Ethical Hacking Repository

Python C Shell

Updated: 9 months, 1 week ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : Jan. 2, 2024, 9:12 a.m. This repo has been linked 61 different CVEs too.

Powerful and customizable vulnerability scanner based on VDSL, which can replace Nessus or Nuclei, etc. 万象通用漏洞扫描器,支持强大的PoC脚本语言、先进易用的PoC开发和调试IDE、现代化无需等待OOB服务器。可替代Nessus和Nuclei等漏洞扫描产品。

cvs nessus nuclei vdsl vulnerability-assessment vulnerability-scanner cosmos-vulnerability-scanner

Updated: 2 months, 3 weeks ago
81 stars 8 fork 8 watcher
Born at : Dec. 21, 2023, 1:23 p.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2022-46169 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2022-46169 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • Modified Analysis by [email protected]

    Jun. 28, 2024

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Changed CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:cacti:cacti:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (including) 1.2.22 OR *cpe:2.3:a:cacti:cacti:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 1.2.23
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    May. 14, 2024

    Action Type Old Value New Value
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Nov. 07, 2023

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Changed Description Cacti is an open source platform which provides a robust and extensible operational monitoring and fault management framework for users. In affected versions a command injection vulnerability allows an unauthenticated user to execute arbitrary code on a server running Cacti, if a specific data source was selected for any monitored device. The vulnerability resides in the `remote_agent.php` file. This file can be accessed without authentication. This function retrieves the IP address of the client via `get_client_addr` and resolves this IP address to the corresponding hostname via `gethostbyaddr`. After this, it is verified that an entry within the `poller` table exists, where the hostname corresponds to the resolved hostname. If such an entry was found, the function returns `true` and the client is authorized. This authorization can be bypassed due to the implementation of the `get_client_addr` function. The function is defined in the file `lib/functions.php` and checks serval `$_SERVER` variables to determine the IP address of the client. The variables beginning with `HTTP_` can be arbitrarily set by an attacker. Since there is a default entry in the `poller` table with the hostname of the server running Cacti, an attacker can bypass the authentication e.g. by providing the header `Forwarded-For: <TARGETIP>`. This way the function `get_client_addr` returns the IP address of the server running Cacti. The following call to `gethostbyaddr` will resolve this IP address to the hostname of the server, which will pass the `poller` hostname check because of the default entry. After the authorization of the `remote_agent.php` file is bypassed, an attacker can trigger different actions. One of these actions is called `polldata`. The called function `poll_for_data` retrieves a few request parameters and loads the corresponding `poller_item` entries from the database. If the `action` of a `poller_item` equals `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP`, the function `proc_open` is used to execute a PHP script. The attacker-controlled parameter `$poller_id` is retrieved via the function `get_nfilter_request_var`, which allows arbitrary strings. This variable is later inserted into the string passed to `proc_open`, which leads to a command injection vulnerability. By e.g. providing the `poller_id=;id` the `id` command is executed. In order to reach the vulnerable call, the attacker must provide a `host_id` and `local_data_id`, where the `action` of the corresponding `poller_item` is set to `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP`. Both of these ids (`host_id` and `local_data_id`) can easily be bruteforced. The only requirement is that a `poller_item` with an `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP` action exists. This is very likely on a productive instance because this action is added by some predefined templates like `Device - Uptime` or `Device - Polling Time`. This command injection vulnerability allows an unauthenticated user to execute arbitrary commands if a `poller_item` with the `action` type `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP` (`2`) is configured. The authorization bypass should be prevented by not allowing an attacker to make `get_client_addr` (file `lib/functions.php`) return an arbitrary IP address. This could be done by not honoring the `HTTP_...` `$_SERVER` variables. If these should be kept for compatibility reasons it should at least be prevented to fake the IP address of the server running Cacti. This vulnerability has been addressed in both the 1.2.x and 1.3.x release branches with `1.2.23` being the first release containing the patch. Cacti is an open source platform which provides a robust and extensible operational monitoring and fault management framework for users. In affected versions a command injection vulnerability allows an unauthenticated user to execute arbitrary code on a server running Cacti, if a specific data source was selected for any monitored device. The vulnerability resides in the `remote_agent.php` file. This file can be accessed without authentication. This function retrieves the IP address of the client via `get_client_addr` and resolves this IP address to the corresponding hostname via `gethostbyaddr`. After this, it is verified that an entry within the `poller` table exists, where the hostname corresponds to the resolved hostname. If such an entry was found, the function returns `true` and the client is authorized. This authorization can be bypassed due to the implementation of the `get_client_addr` function. The function is defined in the file `lib/functions.php` and checks serval `$_SERVER` variables to determine the IP address of the client. The variables beginning with `HTTP_` can be arbitrarily set by an attacker. Since there is a default entry in the `poller` table with the hostname of the server running Cacti, an attacker can bypass the authentication e.g. by providing the header `Forwarded-For: <TARGETIP>`. This way the function `get_client_addr` returns the IP address of the server running Cacti. The following call to `gethostbyaddr` will resolve this IP address to the hostname of the server, which will pass the `poller` hostname check because of the default entry. After the authorization of the `remote_agent.php` file is bypassed, an attacker can trigger different actions. One of these actions is called `polldata`. The called function `poll_for_data` retrieves a few request parameters and loads the corresponding `poller_item` entries from the database. If the `action` of a `poller_item` equals `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP`, the function `proc_open` is used to execute a PHP script. The attacker-controlled parameter `$poller_id` is retrieved via the function `get_nfilter_request_var`, which allows arbitrary strings. This variable is later inserted into the string passed to `proc_open`, which leads to a command injection vulnerability. By e.g. providing the `poller_id=;id` the `id` command is executed. In order to reach the vulnerable call, the attacker must provide a `host_id` and `local_data_id`, where the `action` of the corresponding `poller_item` is set to `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP`. Both of these ids (`host_id` and `local_data_id`) can easily be bruteforced. The only requirement is that a `poller_item` with an `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP` action exists. This is very likely on a productive instance because this action is added by some predefined templates like `Device - Uptime` or `Device - Polling Time`. This command injection vulnerability allows an unauthenticated user to execute arbitrary commands if a `poller_item` with the `action` type `POLLER_ACTION_SCRIPT_PHP` (`2`) is configured. The authorization bypass should be prevented by not allowing an attacker to make `get_client_addr` (file `lib/functions.php`) return an arbitrary IP address. This could be done by not honoring the `HTTP_...` `$_SERVER` variables. If these should be kept for compatibility reasons it should at least be prevented to fake the IP address of the server running Cacti. This vulnerability has been addressed in both the 1.2.x and 1.3.x release branches with `1.2.23` being the first release containing the patch.
  • Reanalysis by [email protected]

    Jul. 11, 2023

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Removed CWE NIST CWE-77
    Added CWE NIST CWE-78
    Added CWE NIST CWE-863
  • Initial Analysis by [email protected]

    Dec. 06, 2022

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CVSS V3.1 NIST AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
    Changed Reference Type https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/commit/7f0e16312dd5ce20f93744ef8b9c3b0f1ece2216 No Types Assigned https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/commit/7f0e16312dd5ce20f93744ef8b9c3b0f1ece2216 Patch, Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/commit/a8d59e8fa5f0054aa9c6981b1cbe30ef0e2a0ec9 No Types Assigned https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/commit/a8d59e8fa5f0054aa9c6981b1cbe30ef0e2a0ec9 Patch, Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/commit/b43f13ae7f1e6bfe4e8e56a80a7cd867cf2db52b No Types Assigned https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/commit/b43f13ae7f1e6bfe4e8e56a80a7cd867cf2db52b Patch, Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/security/advisories/GHSA-6p93-p743-35gf No Types Assigned https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/security/advisories/GHSA-6p93-p743-35gf Exploit, Mitigation, Patch, Third Party Advisory
    Added CWE NIST CWE-77
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:cacti:cacti:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (including) 1.2.22
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2022-46169 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2022-46169 weaknesses.

CAPEC-3: Using Leading 'Ghost' Character Sequences to Bypass Input Filters Using Leading 'Ghost' Character Sequences to Bypass Input Filters CAPEC-6: Argument Injection Argument Injection CAPEC-7: Blind SQL Injection Blind SQL Injection CAPEC-8: Buffer Overflow in an API Call Buffer Overflow in an API Call CAPEC-9: Buffer Overflow in Local Command-Line Utilities Buffer Overflow in Local Command-Line Utilities CAPEC-10: Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables CAPEC-13: Subverting Environment Variable Values Subverting Environment Variable Values CAPEC-14: Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow CAPEC-24: Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow CAPEC-28: Fuzzing Fuzzing CAPEC-34: HTTP Response Splitting HTTP Response Splitting CAPEC-42: MIME Conversion MIME Conversion CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers CAPEC-45: Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links CAPEC-46: Overflow Variables and Tags Overflow Variables and Tags CAPEC-47: Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion CAPEC-51: Poison Web Service Registry Poison Web Service Registry CAPEC-52: Embedding NULL Bytes Embedding NULL Bytes CAPEC-53: Postfix, Null Terminate, and Backslash Postfix, Null Terminate, and Backslash CAPEC-64: Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic CAPEC-67: String Format Overflow in syslog() String Format Overflow in syslog() CAPEC-71: Using Unicode Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic Using Unicode Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic CAPEC-72: URL Encoding URL Encoding CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls CAPEC-78: Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding CAPEC-79: Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding CAPEC-80: Using UTF-8 Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic Using UTF-8 Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic CAPEC-83: XPath Injection XPath Injection CAPEC-84: XQuery Injection XQuery Injection CAPEC-101: Server Side Include (SSI) Injection Server Side Include (SSI) Injection CAPEC-105: HTTP Request Splitting HTTP Request Splitting CAPEC-108: Command Line Execution through SQL Injection Command Line Execution through SQL Injection CAPEC-120: Double Encoding Double Encoding CAPEC-135: Format String Injection Format String Injection CAPEC-250: XML Injection XML Injection CAPEC-267: Leverage Alternate Encoding Leverage Alternate Encoding CAPEC-273: HTTP Response Smuggling HTTP Response Smuggling CAPEC-6: Argument Injection Argument Injection CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters Command Delimiters CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers CAPEC-88: OS Command Injection OS Command Injection CAPEC-108: Command Line Execution through SQL Injection Command Line Execution through SQL Injection
Exploit Prediction

EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days.

96.86 }} 0.02%

score

0.99734

percentile

CVSS31 - Vulnerability Scoring System
Attack Vector
Attack Complexity
Privileges Required
User Interaction
Scope
Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability