9.1
CRITICAL CVSS 3.1
CVE-2023-28725
General Bytes BATM Remote Command Execution Vulnerability
Description

General Bytes Crypto Application Server (CAS) 20230120, as distributed with General Bytes BATM devices, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary Java code by uploading a Java application to the /batm/app/admin/standalone/deployments directory, aka BATM-4780, as exploited in the wild in March 2023. This is fixed in 20221118.48 and 20230120.44.

INFO

Published Date :

March 22, 2023, 12:15 a.m.

Last Modified :

Feb. 26, 2025, 5:15 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2023-28725 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Generalbytes crypto_application_server
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 3.1 CRITICAL [email protected]
CVSS 3.1 CRITICAL 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2023-28725.

URL Resource
https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2023/03/hackers-drain-bitcoin-atms-of-1-5-million-by-exploiting-0-day-bug/ Press/Media Coverage
https://generalbytes.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/ESD/pages/2885222430/Security+Incident+March+17-18th+2023 Exploit Vendor Advisory
https://generalbytes.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/ESD/pages/951418958/Update+CAS Mitigation
https://twitter.com/generalbytes/status/1637192687160897537 Issue Tracking
https://web3isgoinggreat.com/single/general-bytes-crypto-atms-exploited-for-over-1-6-million Third Party Advisory
https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/general-bytes-bitcoin-atms-hacked-using-zero-day-15m-stolen/ Press/Media Coverage
https://www.generalbytes.com/en/support/changelog Release Notes
https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2023/03/hackers-drain-bitcoin-atms-of-1-5-million-by-exploiting-0-day-bug/ Press/Media Coverage
https://generalbytes.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/ESD/pages/2885222430/Security+Incident+March+17-18th+2023 Exploit Vendor Advisory
https://generalbytes.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/ESD/pages/951418958/Update+CAS Mitigation
https://twitter.com/generalbytes/status/1637192687160897537 Issue Tracking
https://web3isgoinggreat.com/single/general-bytes-crypto-atms-exploited-for-over-1-6-million Third Party Advisory
https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/general-bytes-bitcoin-atms-hacked-using-zero-day-15m-stolen/ Press/Media Coverage
https://www.generalbytes.com/en/support/changelog Release Notes
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2023-28725 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2023-28725 weaknesses.

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2023-28725 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2023-28725 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    Feb. 26, 2025

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
    Added CWE CWE-434
  • CVE Modified by af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108

    Nov. 21, 2024

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2023/03/hackers-drain-bitcoin-atms-of-1-5-million-by-exploiting-0-day-bug/
    Added Reference https://generalbytes.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/ESD/pages/2885222430/Security+Incident+March+17-18th+2023
    Added Reference https://generalbytes.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/ESD/pages/951418958/Update+CAS
    Added Reference https://twitter.com/generalbytes/status/1637192687160897537
    Added Reference https://web3isgoinggreat.com/single/general-bytes-crypto-atms-exploited-for-over-1-6-million
    Added Reference https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/general-bytes-bitcoin-atms-hacked-using-zero-day-15m-stolen/
    Added Reference https://www.generalbytes.com/en/support/changelog
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    May. 14, 2024

    Action Type Old Value New Value
  • Initial Analysis by [email protected]

    Mar. 27, 2023

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CVSS V3.1 NIST AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
    Changed Reference Type https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2023/03/hackers-drain-bitcoin-atms-of-1-5-million-by-exploiting-0-day-bug/ No Types Assigned https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2023/03/hackers-drain-bitcoin-atms-of-1-5-million-by-exploiting-0-day-bug/ Press/Media Coverage
    Changed Reference Type https://generalbytes.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/ESD/pages/2885222430/Security+Incident+March+17-18th+2023 No Types Assigned https://generalbytes.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/ESD/pages/2885222430/Security+Incident+March+17-18th+2023 Exploit, Vendor Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://generalbytes.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/ESD/pages/951418958/Update+CAS No Types Assigned https://generalbytes.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/ESD/pages/951418958/Update+CAS Mitigation
    Changed Reference Type https://twitter.com/generalbytes/status/1637192687160897537 No Types Assigned https://twitter.com/generalbytes/status/1637192687160897537 Issue Tracking
    Changed Reference Type https://web3isgoinggreat.com/single/general-bytes-crypto-atms-exploited-for-over-1-6-million No Types Assigned https://web3isgoinggreat.com/single/general-bytes-crypto-atms-exploited-for-over-1-6-million Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/general-bytes-bitcoin-atms-hacked-using-zero-day-15m-stolen/ No Types Assigned https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/general-bytes-bitcoin-atms-hacked-using-zero-day-15m-stolen/ Press/Media Coverage
    Changed Reference Type https://www.generalbytes.com/en/support/changelog No Types Assigned https://www.generalbytes.com/en/support/changelog Release Notes
    Added CWE NIST CWE-434
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:generalbytes:crypto_application_server:20230120:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.
Vulnerability Scoring Details
Base CVSS Score: 9.1
Attack Vector
Attack Complexity
Privileges Required
User Interaction
Scope
Confidentiality Impact
Integrity Impact
Availability Impact
Exploit Prediction

EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days.

7.98 }} 7.57%

score

0.91567

percentile