CVE-2023-3028
"HopeChart HQT-401 Telematics Unit MQTT Broker Authentication Bypass and Data Manipulation Vulnerabilities"
Description
Insufficient authentication in the MQTT backend (broker) allows an attacker to access and even manipulate the telemetry data of the entire fleet of vehicles using the HopeChart HQT-401 telematics unit. Other models are possibly affected too. Multiple vulnerabilities were identified: - The MQTT backend does not require authentication, allowing unauthorized connections from an attacker. - The vehicles publish their telemetry data (e.g. GPS Location, speed, odometer, fuel, etc) as messages in public topics. The backend also sends commands to the vehicles as MQTT posts in public topics. As a result, an attacker can access the confidential data of the entire fleet that is managed by the backend. - The MQTT messages sent by the vehicles or the backend are not encrypted or authenticated. An attacker can create and post messages to impersonate a vehicle or the backend. The attacker could then, for example, send incorrect information to the backend about the vehicle's location. - The backend can inject data into a vehicle´s CAN bus by sending a specific MQTT message on a public topic. Because these messages are not authenticated or encrypted, an attacker could impersonate the backend, create a fake message and inject CAN data in any vehicle managed by the backend. The confirmed version is 201808021036, however further versions have been also identified as potentially impacted.
INFO
Published Date :
June 1, 2023, 6:15 a.m.
Last Modified :
Sept. 28, 2023, 6:15 a.m.
Source :
[email protected]
Remotely Exploitable :
Yes !
Impact Score :
5.9
Exploitability Score :
3.9
Public PoC/Exploit Available at Github
CVE-2023-3028 has a 2 public PoC/Exploit available at Github.
Go to the Public Exploits tab to see the list.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2023-3028.
| URL | Resource |
|---|---|
| https://asrg.io/security-advisories/cve-2023-3028/ |
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
Tracking CVEs for Vehicle
A Curated list of IoT Security Resources
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Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2023-3028 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2023-3028 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
-
CVE Modified by [email protected]
May. 14, 2024
Action Type Old Value New Value -
CVE Modified by [email protected]
Sep. 28, 2023
Action Type Old Value New Value Removed Reference https://garage.asrg.io/cve-2023-3028-improper-backend-communications-allow-access-and-manipulation-of-the-telemetry-data/ [Permissions Required] Added Reference https://asrg.io/security-advisories/cve-2023-3028/ [No Types Assigned] -
Reanalysis by [email protected]
Sep. 25, 2023
Action Type Old Value New Value Changed CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:mqtt:mqtt:201808021036:*:*:*:*:*:*:* AND OR *cpe:2.3:o:hopechart:hqt401_firmware:201808021036:*:*:*:*:*:*:* OR cpe:2.3:h:hopechart:hqt401:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* -
Initial Analysis by [email protected]
Jun. 09, 2023
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CVSS V3.1 NIST AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Changed Reference Type https://garage.asrg.io/cve-2023-3028-improper-backend-communications-allow-access-and-manipulation-of-the-telemetry-data/ No Types Assigned https://garage.asrg.io/cve-2023-3028-improper-backend-communications-allow-access-and-manipulation-of-the-telemetry-data/ Permissions Required Added CWE NIST CWE-287 Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:mqtt:mqtt:201808021036:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2023-3028 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2023-3028
weaknesses.
Exploit Prediction
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days.
0.14 }} 0.02%
score
0.50250
percentile