9.8
CRITICAL
CVE-2023-48230
Cap'n Proto WebSocket Buffer Underrun Denial-of-Service Vulnerability
Description

Cap'n Proto is a data interchange format and capability-based RPC system. In versions 1.0 and 1.0.1, when using the KJ HTTP library with WebSocket compression enabled, a buffer underrun can be caused by a remote peer. The underrun always writes a constant value that is not attacker-controlled, likely resulting in a crash, enabling a remote denial-of-service attack. Most Cap'n Proto and KJ users are unlikely to have this functionality enabled and so unlikely to be affected. Maintainers suspect only the Cloudflare Workers Runtime is affected. If KJ HTTP is used with WebSocket compression enabled, a malicious peer may be able to cause a buffer underrun on a heap-allocated buffer. KJ HTTP is an optional library bundled with Cap'n Proto, but is not directly used by Cap'n Proto. WebSocket compression is disabled by default. It must be enabled via a setting passed to the KJ HTTP library via `HttpClientSettings` or `HttpServerSettings`. The bytes written out-of-bounds are always a specific constant 4-byte string `{ 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF }`. Because this string is not controlled by the attacker, maintainers believe it is unlikely that remote code execution is possible. However, it cannot be ruled out. This functionality first appeared in Cap'n Proto 1.0. Previous versions are not affected. This issue is fixed in Cap'n Proto 1.0.1.1.

INFO

Published Date :

Nov. 21, 2023, 9:15 p.m.

Last Modified :

Nov. 29, 2023, 2:35 a.m.

Remotely Exploitable :

Yes !

Impact Score :

5.9

Exploitability Score :

3.9
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2023-48230 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Capnproto capnproto
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2023-48230.

URL Resource
https://github.com/capnproto/capnproto/commit/75c5c1499aa6e7690b741204ff9af91cce526c59 Patch
https://github.com/capnproto/capnproto/commit/e7f22da9c01286a2b0e1e5fbdf3ec9ab3aa128ff Patch
https://github.com/capnproto/capnproto/security/advisories/GHSA-r89h-f468-62w3 Exploit Patch Vendor Advisory

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2023-48230 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2023-48230 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    May. 14, 2024

    Action Type Old Value New Value
  • Initial Analysis by [email protected]

    Nov. 29, 2023

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CVSS V3.1 NIST AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
    Changed Reference Type https://github.com/capnproto/capnproto/commit/75c5c1499aa6e7690b741204ff9af91cce526c59 No Types Assigned https://github.com/capnproto/capnproto/commit/75c5c1499aa6e7690b741204ff9af91cce526c59 Patch
    Changed Reference Type https://github.com/capnproto/capnproto/commit/e7f22da9c01286a2b0e1e5fbdf3ec9ab3aa128ff No Types Assigned https://github.com/capnproto/capnproto/commit/e7f22da9c01286a2b0e1e5fbdf3ec9ab3aa128ff Patch
    Changed Reference Type https://github.com/capnproto/capnproto/security/advisories/GHSA-r89h-f468-62w3 No Types Assigned https://github.com/capnproto/capnproto/security/advisories/GHSA-r89h-f468-62w3 Exploit, Patch, Vendor Advisory
    Added CWE NIST CWE-787
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:capnproto:capnproto:1.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:capnproto:capnproto:1.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • CVE Received by [email protected]

    Nov. 21, 2023

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Description Cap'n Proto is a data interchange format and capability-based RPC system. In versions 1.0 and 1.0.1, when using the KJ HTTP library with WebSocket compression enabled, a buffer underrun can be caused by a remote peer. The underrun always writes a constant value that is not attacker-controlled, likely resulting in a crash, enabling a remote denial-of-service attack. Most Cap'n Proto and KJ users are unlikely to have this functionality enabled and so unlikely to be affected. Maintainers suspect only the Cloudflare Workers Runtime is affected. If KJ HTTP is used with WebSocket compression enabled, a malicious peer may be able to cause a buffer underrun on a heap-allocated buffer. KJ HTTP is an optional library bundled with Cap'n Proto, but is not directly used by Cap'n Proto. WebSocket compression is disabled by default. It must be enabled via a setting passed to the KJ HTTP library via `HttpClientSettings` or `HttpServerSettings`. The bytes written out-of-bounds are always a specific constant 4-byte string `{ 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF }`. Because this string is not controlled by the attacker, maintainers believe it is unlikely that remote code execution is possible. However, it cannot be ruled out. This functionality first appeared in Cap'n Proto 1.0. Previous versions are not affected. This issue is fixed in Cap'n Proto 1.0.1.1.
    Added Reference GitHub, Inc. https://github.com/capnproto/capnproto/security/advisories/GHSA-r89h-f468-62w3 [No types assigned]
    Added Reference GitHub, Inc. https://github.com/capnproto/capnproto/commit/75c5c1499aa6e7690b741204ff9af91cce526c59 [No types assigned]
    Added Reference GitHub, Inc. https://github.com/capnproto/capnproto/commit/e7f22da9c01286a2b0e1e5fbdf3ec9ab3aa128ff [No types assigned]
    Added CWE GitHub, Inc. CWE-124
    Added CVSS V3.1 GitHub, Inc. AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2023-48230 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2023-48230 weaknesses.

Exploit Prediction

EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days.

0.73 }} 0.16%

score

0.81237

percentile

CVSS31 - Vulnerability Scoring System
Attack Vector
Attack Complexity
Privileges Required
User Interaction
Scope
Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability