CVE-2024-36401
OSGeo GeoServer GeoTools Eval Injection Vulnerabil - [Actively Exploited]
Description
GeoServer is an open source server that allows users to share and edit geospatial data. Prior to versions 2.22.6, 2.23.6, 2.24.4, and 2.25.2, multiple OGC request parameters allow Remote Code Execution (RCE) by unauthenticated users through specially crafted input against a default GeoServer installation due to unsafely evaluating property names as XPath expressions. The GeoTools library API that GeoServer calls evaluates property/attribute names for feature types in a way that unsafely passes them to the commons-jxpath library which can execute arbitrary code when evaluating XPath expressions. This XPath evaluation is intended to be used only by complex feature types (i.e., Application Schema data stores) but is incorrectly being applied to simple feature types as well which makes this vulnerability apply to **ALL** GeoServer instances. No public PoC is provided but this vulnerability has been confirmed to be exploitable through WFS GetFeature, WFS GetPropertyValue, WMS GetMap, WMS GetFeatureInfo, WMS GetLegendGraphic and WPS Execute requests. This vulnerability can lead to executing arbitrary code. Versions 2.22.6, 2.23.6, 2.24.4, and 2.25.2 contain a patch for the issue. A workaround exists by removing the `gt-complex-x.y.jar` file from the GeoServer where `x.y` is the GeoTools version (e.g., `gt-complex-31.1.jar` if running GeoServer 2.25.1). This will remove the vulnerable code from GeoServer but may break some GeoServer functionality or prevent GeoServer from deploying if the gt-complex module is needed.
INFO
Published Date :
July 1, 2024, 4:15 p.m.
Last Modified :
April 3, 2025, 7:57 p.m.
Source :
[email protected]
Remotely Exploitable :
Yes !
Impact Score :
5.9
Exploitability Score :
3.9
CISA KEV (Known Exploited Vulnerabilities)
For the benefit of the cybersecurity community and network defenders—and to help every organization better manage vulnerabilities and keep pace with threat activity—CISA maintains the authoritative source of vulnerabilities that have been exploited in the wild.
OSGeo GeoServer GeoTools contains an improper neutralization of directives in dynamically evaluated code vulnerability due to unsafely evaluating property names as XPath expressions. This allows unauthenticated attackers to conduct remote code execution via specially crafted input.
Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
This vulnerability affects an open-source component, third-party library, or a protocol used by different products. For more information, please see: https://github.com/geoserver/geoserver/security/advisories/GHSA-6jj6-gm7p-fcvv, https://github.com/geotools/geotools/pull/4797 ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-36401
Public PoC/Exploit Available at Github
CVE-2024-36401 has a 76 public PoC/Exploit available at Github.
Go to the Public Exploits tab to see the list.
Affected Products
The following products are affected by CVE-2024-36401
vulnerability.
Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the
products
that
are
affected, the information is not represented in the table below.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2024-36401.
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
None
Go
Python exploit for GeoServer (CVE-2024-36401) with JSP web shell upload
None
Makefile Python Dockerfile Shell C PHP Hack CSS HTML Ruby
备份的漏洞库，3月开始我们来维护
None
CVE POC repo 자동 수집기
Python
安全项目集合
None
dddd 二开长期维护版
geoserver图形化漏洞利用工具
Go
None
HTML
A poc for cve-2024-36401 for applications using GeoTools for WMS data retrieval
本脚本是针对 GeoServer 的远程代码执行漏洞（CVE-2024-36401）开发的 PoC（Proof of Concept）探测工具。该漏洞允许攻击者通过构造特定请求，在目标服务器上执行任意命令。
Python
Links of research blogs published by me.
CVE-2024-36401 图形化利用工具，支持各个JDK版本利用以及回显、内存马实现
Java
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2024-36401 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
-
The Hacker News
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The Cyber Express
Cyble Sensors Uncover Cyberattacks on Java Framework and IoT Devices
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europa.eu
Cyber Brief 24-10 - September 2024
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The Filament project, a popular collection of full-stack components for accelerated Laravel development, has issued a critical security advisory for CVE-2024-47186. This Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vul ... Read more
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Cybersecurity News
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The Hacker News
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Dark Reading
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Cybersecurity News
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Trend Micro
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Trend Micro
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Cybersecurity News
Threat Actors Exploit GeoServer Vulnerability CVE-2024-36401 to Launch Malware Campaigns
Cybersecurity researchers at FortiGuard Labs have observed multiple campaigns targeting a critical vulnerability in GeoServer, an open-source geospatial data server. Identified as CVE-2024-36401, this ... Read more
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Hackread - Latest Cybersecurity, Tech, Crypto & Hacking News
Critical GeoServer Vulnerability Exploited in Global Malware Campaign
A critical GeoServer vulnerability (CVE-2024-36401) is being actively exploited, allowing attackers to take control of systems for malware deployment, cryptojacking, and botnet attacks. Update GeoServ ... Read more
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The Hacker News
GeoServer Vulnerability Targeted by Hackers to Deliver Backdoors and Botnet Malware
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Cyber Security News
Hackers Actively Exploiting GeoServer RCE Flaw, 6635 Servers Vulnerable
A critical vulnerability in GeoServer, an open-source Java-based software server, has put thousands of servers at risk. The flaw, CVE-2024-36401, allows unauthenticated users to execute remote code, p ... Read more
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Cyber Security News
6600+ Vulnerable GeoServer instances Exposed to the Internet
Security analysts have identified 6,635 GeoServer instances exposed to the Internet, which makes them vulnerable to critical remote code execution (RCE) attacks. A recent tweet from the Shadowserver F ... Read more
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2024-36401 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
-
Modified Analysis by [email protected]
Apr. 03, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Changed CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:geoserver:geoserver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 2.23.6 *cpe:2.3:a:geoserver:geoserver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 2.25.0 up to (excluding) 2.25.2 *cpe:2.3:a:geoserver:geoserver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 2.24.0 up to (excluding) 2.24.4 *cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 30.0 up to (excluding) 30.4 *cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 31.0 up to (excluding) 31.2 *cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 29.6 OR *cpe:2.3:a:geoserver:geoserver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 2.25.0 up to (excluding) 2.25.2 *cpe:2.3:a:geoserver:geoserver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 2.24.0 up to (excluding) 2.24.4 *cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 30.0 up to (excluding) 30.4 *cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 31.0 up to (excluding) 31.2 *cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 29.6 *cpe:2.3:a:geoserver:geoserver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 2.22.6 *cpe:2.3:a:geoserver:geoserver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 2.23.0 up to (excluding) 2.23.6 -
CVE Modified by [email protected]
Mar. 19, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Changed Description GeoServer is an open source server that allows users to share and edit geospatial data. Prior to versions 2.23.6, 2.24.4, and 2.25.2, multiple OGC request parameters allow Remote Code Execution (RCE) by unauthenticated users through specially crafted input against a default GeoServer installation due to unsafely evaluating property names as XPath expressions. The GeoTools library API that GeoServer calls evaluates property/attribute names for feature types in a way that unsafely passes them to the commons-jxpath library which can execute arbitrary code when evaluating XPath expressions. This XPath evaluation is intended to be used only by complex feature types (i.e., Application Schema data stores) but is incorrectly being applied to simple feature types as well which makes this vulnerability apply to **ALL** GeoServer instances. No public PoC is provided but this vulnerability has been confirmed to be exploitable through WFS GetFeature, WFS GetPropertyValue, WMS GetMap, WMS GetFeatureInfo, WMS GetLegendGraphic and WPS Execute requests. This vulnerability can lead to executing arbitrary code. Versions 2.23.6, 2.24.4, and 2.25.2 contain a patch for the issue. A workaround exists by removing the `gt-complex-x.y.jar` file from the GeoServer where `x.y` is the GeoTools version (e.g., `gt-complex-31.1.jar` if running GeoServer 2.25.1). This will remove the vulnerable code from GeoServer but may break some GeoServer functionality or prevent GeoServer from deploying if the gt-complex module is needed. GeoServer is an open source server that allows users to share and edit geospatial data. Prior to versions 2.22.6, 2.23.6, 2.24.4, and 2.25.2, multiple OGC request parameters allow Remote Code Execution (RCE) by unauthenticated users through specially crafted input against a default GeoServer installation due to unsafely evaluating property names as XPath expressions. The GeoTools library API that GeoServer calls evaluates property/attribute names for feature types in a way that unsafely passes them to the commons-jxpath library which can execute arbitrary code when evaluating XPath expressions. This XPath evaluation is intended to be used only by complex feature types (i.e., Application Schema data stores) but is incorrectly being applied to simple feature types as well which makes this vulnerability apply to **ALL** GeoServer instances. No public PoC is provided but this vulnerability has been confirmed to be exploitable through WFS GetFeature, WFS GetPropertyValue, WMS GetMap, WMS GetFeatureInfo, WMS GetLegendGraphic and WPS Execute requests. This vulnerability can lead to executing arbitrary code. Versions 2.22.6, 2.23.6, 2.24.4, and 2.25.2 contain a patch for the issue. A workaround exists by removing the `gt-complex-x.y.jar` file from the GeoServer where `x.y` is the GeoTools version (e.g., `gt-complex-31.1.jar` if running GeoServer 2.25.1). This will remove the vulnerable code from GeoServer but may break some GeoServer functionality or prevent GeoServer from deploying if the gt-complex module is needed. -
Modified Analysis by [email protected]
Nov. 29, 2024
Action Type Old Value New Value Changed Reference Type https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/geoserver-rce-cve-2024-36401 No Types Assigned https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/geoserver-rce-cve-2024-36401 Exploit, Third Party Advisory -
CVE Modified by af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Nov. 21, 2024
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Reference https://github.com/geoserver/geoserver/security/advisories/GHSA-6jj6-gm7p-fcvv Added Reference https://github.com/geotools/geotools/pull/4797 Added Reference https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/advisories/GHSA-w3pj-wh35-fq8w Added Reference https://github.com/Warxim/CVE-2022-41852?tab=readme-ov-file#workaround-for-cve-2022-41852 Added Reference https://osgeo-org.atlassian.net/browse/GEOT-7587 Added Reference https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/geoserver-rce-cve-2024-36401 -
CVE CISA KEV Update by 9119a7d8-5eab-497f-8521-727c672e3725
Jul. 16, 2024
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Vulnerability Name OSGeo GeoServer GeoTools Eval Injection Vulnerability Added Due Date 2024-08-05 Added Date Added 2024-07-15 Added Required Action Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. -
Initial Analysis by [email protected]
Jul. 03, 2024
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CVSS V3.1 NIST AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Changed Reference Type https://github.com/geoserver/geoserver/security/advisories/GHSA-6jj6-gm7p-fcvv No Types Assigned https://github.com/geoserver/geoserver/security/advisories/GHSA-6jj6-gm7p-fcvv Mitigation, Vendor Advisory Changed Reference Type https://github.com/geotools/geotools/pull/4797 No Types Assigned https://github.com/geotools/geotools/pull/4797 Issue Tracking, Patch Changed Reference Type https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/advisories/GHSA-w3pj-wh35-fq8w No Types Assigned https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/advisories/GHSA-w3pj-wh35-fq8w Exploit, Vendor Advisory Changed Reference Type https://github.com/Warxim/CVE-2022-41852?tab=readme-ov-file#workaround-for-cve-2022-41852 No Types Assigned https://github.com/Warxim/CVE-2022-41852?tab=readme-ov-file#workaround-for-cve-2022-41852 Exploit, Third Party Advisory Changed Reference Type https://osgeo-org.atlassian.net/browse/GEOT-7587 No Types Assigned https://osgeo-org.atlassian.net/browse/GEOT-7587 Vendor Advisory Added CWE NIST CWE-94 Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:geoserver:geoserver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 2.23.6 *cpe:2.3:a:geoserver:geoserver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 2.24.0 up to (excluding) 2.24.4 *cpe:2.3:a:geoserver:geoserver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 2.25.0 up to (excluding) 2.25.2 *cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 29.6 *cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 30.0 up to (excluding) 30.4 *cpe:2.3:a:geotools:geotools:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 31.0 up to (excluding) 31.2 -
CVE Received by [email protected]
Jul. 01, 2024
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Description GeoServer is an open source server that allows users to share and edit geospatial data. Prior to versions 2.23.6, 2.24.4, and 2.25.2, multiple OGC request parameters allow Remote Code Execution (RCE) by unauthenticated users through specially crafted input against a default GeoServer installation due to unsafely evaluating property names as XPath expressions. The GeoTools library API that GeoServer calls evaluates property/attribute names for feature types in a way that unsafely passes them to the commons-jxpath library which can execute arbitrary code when evaluating XPath expressions. This XPath evaluation is intended to be used only by complex feature types (i.e., Application Schema data stores) but is incorrectly being applied to simple feature types as well which makes this vulnerability apply to **ALL** GeoServer instances. No public PoC is provided but this vulnerability has been confirmed to be exploitable through WFS GetFeature, WFS GetPropertyValue, WMS GetMap, WMS GetFeatureInfo, WMS GetLegendGraphic and WPS Execute requests. This vulnerability can lead to executing arbitrary code. Versions 2.23.6, 2.24.4, and 2.25.2 contain a patch for the issue. A workaround exists by removing the `gt-complex-x.y.jar` file from the GeoServer where `x.y` is the GeoTools version (e.g., `gt-complex-31.1.jar` if running GeoServer 2.25.1). This will remove the vulnerable code from GeoServer but may break some GeoServer functionality or prevent GeoServer from deploying if the gt-complex module is needed. Added Reference GitHub, Inc. https://github.com/geoserver/geoserver/security/advisories/GHSA-6jj6-gm7p-fcvv [No types assigned] Added Reference GitHub, Inc. https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/advisories/GHSA-w3pj-wh35-fq8w [No types assigned] Added Reference GitHub, Inc. https://github.com/geotools/geotools/pull/4797 [No types assigned] Added Reference GitHub, Inc. https://github.com/Warxim/CVE-2022-41852?tab=readme-ov-file#workaround-for-cve-2022-41852 [No types assigned] Added Reference GitHub, Inc. https://osgeo-org.atlassian.net/browse/GEOT-7587 [No types assigned] Added CWE GitHub, Inc. CWE-95 Added CVSS V3.1 GitHub, Inc. AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2024-36401 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2024-36401
weaknesses.