CVE-2024-4435
BTreeMap memory leak when deallocating nodes with overflows
Description
When storing unbounded types in a BTreeMap, a node is represented as a linked list of "memory chunks". It was discovered recently that when we deallocate a node, in some cases only the first memory chunk is deallocated, and the rest of the memory chunks remain (incorrectly) allocated, causing a memory leak. In the worst case, depending on how a canister uses the BTreeMap, an adversary could interact with the canister through its API and trigger interactions with the map that keep consuming memory due to the memory leak. This could potentially lead to using an excessive amount of memory, or even running out of memory. This issue has been fixed in #212 https://github.com/dfinity/stable-structures/pull/212 by changing the logic for deallocating nodes to ensure that all of a node's memory chunks are deallocated and users are asked to upgrade to version 0.6.4.. Tests have been added to prevent regressions of this nature moving forward. Note: Users of stable-structure < 0.6.0 are not affected. Users who are not storing unbounded types in BTreeMap are not affected and do not need to upgrade. Otherwise, an upgrade to version 0.6.4 is necessary.
INFO
Published Date :
May 21, 2024, 10:15 a.m.
Last Modified :
Dec. 10, 2025, 5:12 p.m.
Remotely Exploit :
Yes !
Source :
6b35d637-e00f-4228-858c-b20ad6e1d07b
CVSS Scores
| Score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability Score | Impact Score | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | MEDIUM | 6b35d637-e00f-4228-858c-b20ad6e1d07b | ||||
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH | [email protected] |
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2024-4435.
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2024-4435 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2024-4435
weaknesses.
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2024-4435 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2024-4435 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
-
Initial Analysis by [email protected]
Dec. 10, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:dfinity:stable_structures:*:*:*:*:*:rust:*:* versions up to (excluding) 0.6.0 Added Reference Type CVE: https://docs.rs/ic-stable-structures/0.6.4/ic_stable_structures/ Types: Product Added Reference Type DFINITY Foundation: https://docs.rs/ic-stable-structures/0.6.4/ic_stable_structures/ Types: Product Added Reference Type CVE: https://github.com/dfinity/stable-structures/pull/212 Types: Issue Tracking, Patch Added Reference Type DFINITY Foundation: https://github.com/dfinity/stable-structures/pull/212 Types: Issue Tracking, Patch Added Reference Type CVE: https://internetcomputer.org/docs/current/developer-docs/smart-contracts/maintain/storage#stable-memory Types: Product Added Reference Type DFINITY Foundation: https://internetcomputer.org/docs/current/developer-docs/smart-contracts/maintain/storage#stable-memory Types: Product -
CVE Modified by af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Nov. 21, 2024
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Reference https://docs.rs/ic-stable-structures/0.6.4/ic_stable_structures/ Added Reference https://github.com/dfinity/stable-structures/pull/212 Added Reference https://internetcomputer.org/docs/current/developer-docs/smart-contracts/maintain/storage#stable-memory -
CVE Received by 6b35d637-e00f-4228-858c-b20ad6e1d07b
May. 21, 2024
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Description When storing unbounded types in a BTreeMap, a node is represented as a linked list of "memory chunks". It was discovered recently that when we deallocate a node, in some cases only the first memory chunk is deallocated, and the rest of the memory chunks remain (incorrectly) allocated, causing a memory leak. In the worst case, depending on how a canister uses the BTreeMap, an adversary could interact with the canister through its API and trigger interactions with the map that keep consuming memory due to the memory leak. This could potentially lead to using an excessive amount of memory, or even running out of memory. This issue has been fixed in #212 https://github.com/dfinity/stable-structures/pull/212 by changing the logic for deallocating nodes to ensure that all of a node's memory chunks are deallocated and users are asked to upgrade to version 0.6.4.. Tests have been added to prevent regressions of this nature moving forward. Note: Users of stable-structure < 0.6.0 are not affected. Users who are not storing unbounded types in BTreeMap are not affected and do not need to upgrade. Otherwise, an upgrade to version 0.6.4 is necessary. Added Reference DFINITY Foundation https://github.com/dfinity/stable-structures/pull/212 [No types assigned] Added Reference DFINITY Foundation https://docs.rs/ic-stable-structures/0.6.4/ic_stable_structures/ [No types assigned] Added Reference DFINITY Foundation https://internetcomputer.org/docs/current/developer-docs/smart-contracts/maintain/storage#stable-memory [No types assigned] Added CWE DFINITY Foundation CWE-401 Added CVSS V3.1 DFINITY Foundation AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H