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9.4
CRITICAL CVSS 3.1
CVE-2025-15039
Account Takeover via Conditional Authentication Script Logic in Multiple WSO2 Products
Overview
Description

The Conditional Authentication (Adaptive Authentication) script does not correctly enforce the completion of all required authentication steps when a specific multi-step pattern involving certain authenticators is configured. This allows an attacker to bypass intermediate authentication challenges by exploiting how the script handles callbacks and re-execution of authentication steps. Successful exploitation allows a malicious actor to gain unauthorized access to a targeted user account. This vulnerability can only be exploited when all of the following conditions are met: the application login flow contains a specific secondary authenticator, the Conditional Authentication script is configured with particular event callbacks and re-executes an authentication step, the targeted user has one of the impacted authenticators enrolled, and the attacker successfully completes any preceding authentication steps.

Details
INFO

Published Date :

Aug. 6, 2026, 8:16 a.m.

Last Modified :

Aug. 6, 2026, 8:16 a.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !

Source :

ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8
Impact
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2025-15039 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Wso2 api_manager
2 Wso2 identity_server
3 Wso2 identity_server_as_key_manager
4 Wso2 open_banking_am
5 Wso2 open_banking_iam
6 Wso2 open_banking_km
7 Wso2 carbon_identity_application_authentication_framework
8 Wso2 api_control_plane
9 Wso2 traffic_manager
10 Wso2 universal_gateway
: Total Affected Vendor : 1 | Products : 10
Scoring
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 3.1 CRITICAL ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8
CVSS 3.1 CRITICAL MITRE-CVE
Solution
Fix Conditional Authentication script logic to ensure all required steps are enforced.
  • Review and correct Conditional Authentication script logic.
  • Ensure all authentication steps are properly enforced.
  • Test authentication flows with specific configurations.
  • Deploy updated authentication scripts.
References
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2025-15039.

URL Resource
https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4973/
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2025-15039 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2025-15039 weaknesses.

CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs CAPEC-17: Using Malicious Files Using Malicious Files CAPEC-20: Encryption Brute Forcing Encryption Brute Forcing CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client Exploiting Trust in Client CAPEC-36: Using Unpublished Interfaces or Functionality Using Unpublished Interfaces or Functionality CAPEC-51: Poison Web Service Registry Poison Web Service Registry CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data CAPEC-59: Session Credential Falsification through Prediction Session Credential Falsification through Prediction CAPEC-65: Sniff Application Code Sniff Application Code CAPEC-74: Manipulating State Manipulating State CAPEC-87: Forceful Browsing Forceful Browsing CAPEC-107: Cross Site Tracing Cross Site Tracing CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing Directory Indexing CAPEC-237: Escaping a Sandbox by Calling Code in Another Language Escaping a Sandbox by Calling Code in Another Language CAPEC-477: Signature Spoofing by Mixing Signed and Unsigned Content Signature Spoofing by Mixing Signed and Unsigned Content CAPEC-480: Escaping Virtualization Escaping Virtualization CAPEC-668: Key Negotiation of Bluetooth Attack (KNOB) Key Negotiation of Bluetooth Attack (KNOB)

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2025-15039 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

Results are limited to the first 20 news articles due to potential performance issues.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2025-15039 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • New CVE Received by ed10eef1-636d-4fbe-9993-6890dfa878f8

    Aug. 06, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Affected [{'vendor': 'WSO2', 'product': 'WSO2 Identity Server', 'versions': [{'status': 'unknown', 'version': '0', 'lessThan': '5.7.0', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.7.0', 'lessThan': '5.7.0.130', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.8.0', 'lessThan': '5.8.0.113', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.9.0', 'lessThan': '5.9.0.173', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.10.0', 'lessThan': '5.10.0.385', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.11.0', 'lessThan': '5.11.0.432', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '6.0.0', 'lessThan': '6.0.0.259', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '6.1.0', 'lessThan': '6.1.0.260', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '7.0.0', 'lessThan': '7.0.0.138', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '7.1.0', 'lessThan': '7.1.0.45', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '7.1.0', 'lessThan': '7.1.0.49', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '7.2.0', 'lessThan': '7.2.0.7', 'versionType': 'custom'}], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'vendor': 'WSO2', 'product': 'WSO2 API Manager', 'versions': [{'status': 'unknown', 'version': '0', 'lessThan': '2.6.0', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '2.6.0', 'lessThan': '2.6.0.150', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '3.0.0', 'lessThan': '3.0.0.180', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '3.1.0', 'lessThan': '3.1.0.356', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '3.2.0', 'lessThan': '3.2.0.460', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '3.2.1', 'lessThan': '3.2.1.79', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '4.0.0', 'lessThan': '4.0.0.381', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '4.1.0', 'lessThan': '4.1.0.244', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '4.2.0', 'lessThan': '4.2.0.184', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '4.3.0', 'lessThan': '4.3.0.95', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '4.4.0', 'lessThan': '4.4.0.59', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '4.5.0', 'lessThan': '4.5.0.44', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '4.6.0', 'lessThan': '4.6.0.8', 'versionType': 'custom'}], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'vendor': 'WSO2', 'product': 'WSO2 Open Banking AM', 'versions': [{'status': 'unknown', 'version': '0', 'lessThan': '1.4.0', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '1.4.0', 'lessThan': '1.4.0.143', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '1.5.0', 'lessThan': '1.5.0.144', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '2.0.0', 'lessThan': '2.0.0.405', 'versionType': 'custom'}], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'vendor': 'WSO2', 'product': 'WSO2 Open Banking IAM', 'versions': [{'status': 'unknown', 'version': '0', 'lessThan': '2.0.0', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '2.0.0', 'lessThan': '2.0.0.425', 'versionType': 'custom'}], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'vendor': 'WSO2', 'product': 'WSO2 Traffic Manager', 'versions': [{'status': 'unknown', 'version': '0', 'lessThan': '4.5.0', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '4.5.0', 'lessThan': '4.5.0.43', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '4.6.0', 'lessThan': '4.6.0.8', 'versionType': 'custom'}], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'vendor': 'WSO2', 'product': 'WSO2 Universal Gateway', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '4.5.0', 'lessThan': '4.5.0.43', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '4.5.0', 'lessThan': '4.5.0.44', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '4.6.0', 'lessThan': '4.6.0.8', 'versionType': 'custom'}], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'vendor': 'WSO2', 'product': 'WSO2 API Control Plane', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '4.5.0', 'lessThan': '4.5.0.45', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '4.6.0', 'lessThan': '4.6.0.9', 'versionType': 'custom'}], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'vendor': 'WSO2', 'product': 'WSO2 Identity Server as Key Manager', 'versions': [{'status': 'unknown', 'version': '0', 'lessThan': '5.7.0', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.7.0', 'lessThan': '5.7.0.129', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.9.0', 'lessThan': '5.9.0.179', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.10.0', 'lessThan': '5.10.0.376', 'versionType': 'custom'}], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'vendor': 'WSO2', 'product': 'WSO2 Open Banking KM', 'versions': [{'status': 'unknown', 'version': '0', 'lessThan': '1.4.0', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '1.4.0', 'lessThan': '1.4.0.137', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '1.5.0', 'lessThan': '1.5.0.127', 'versionType': 'custom'}], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'vendor': 'WSO2', 'product': 'WSO2 Carbon Identity Application Authentication Framework', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.12.153', 'lessThan': '5.12.153.66', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.12.387', 'lessThan': '5.12.387.48', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.14.97', 'lessThan': '5.14.97.94', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.17.5', 'lessThan': '5.17.5.337', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.17.118', 'lessThan': '5.17.118.24', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.18.187', 'lessThan': '5.18.187.334', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.18.248', 'lessThan': '5.18.248.34', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.23.8', 'lessThan': '5.23.8.221', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.24.8', 'lessThan': '5.24.8.29', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.25.92', 'lessThan': '5.25.92.177', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.25.705', 'lessThan': '5.25.705.23', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.25.713', 'lessThan': '5.25.713.12', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.25.724', 'lessThan': '5.25.724.8', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.25.736', 'lessThan': '5.25.736.3', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '7.0.78', 'lessThan': '7.0.78.171', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '7.8.23', 'lessThan': '7.8.23.95', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '7.8.586', 'lessThan': '7.8.586.21', 'versionType': 'custom'}, {'status': 'unaffected', 'version': '5.25.738', 'versionType': 'custom', 'lessThanOrEqual': '5.25.*'}, {'status': 'unaffected', 'version': '7.8.646', 'versionType': 'custom', 'lessThanOrEqual': '*'}], 'packageName': 'org.wso2.carbon.identity.framework:org.wso2.carbon.identity.application.authentication.framework', 'defaultStatus': 'unknown'}]
    Added Description The Conditional Authentication (Adaptive Authentication) script does not correctly enforce the completion of all required authentication steps when a specific multi-step pattern involving certain authenticators is configured. This allows an attacker to bypass intermediate authentication challenges by exploiting how the script handles callbacks and re-execution of authentication steps. Successful exploitation allows a malicious actor to gain unauthorized access to a targeted user account. This vulnerability can only be exploited when all of the following conditions are met: the application login flow contains a specific secondary authenticator, the Conditional Authentication script is configured with particular event callbacks and re-executes an authentication step, the targeted user has one of the impacted authenticators enrolled, and the attacker successfully completes any preceding authentication steps.
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L
    Added CWE CWE-693
    Added Reference https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4973/
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.
CVSS
Vulnerability Scoring Details
Base CVSS Score: 9.4
Attack Vector
Attack Complexity
Privileges Required
User Interaction
Scope
Confidentiality Impact
Integrity Impact
Availability Impact