5.8
MEDIUM
CVE-2025-20144
Cisco IOS XR Hybrid ACL Bypass Vulnerability
Description

A vulnerability in the hybrid access control list (ACL) processing of IPv4 packets in Cisco IOS XR Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass a configured ACL. This vulnerability is due to incorrect handling of packets when a specific configuration of the hybrid ACL exists. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by attempting to send traffic through an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to bypass a configured ACL on the affected device. For more information, see the section of this advisory. Cisco has released software updates that address this vulnerability. There are workarounds that address this vulnerability.

INFO

Published Date :

March 12, 2025, 4:15 p.m.

Last Modified :

Aug. 1, 2025, 6:45 p.m.

Source :

[email protected]

Remotely Exploitable :

Yes !

Impact Score :

1.4

Exploitability Score :

3.9
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2025-20144 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Cisco ios_xr
2 Cisco ncs_5501-se
3 Cisco ncs_5502-se
4 Cisco ncs_5508
5 Cisco ncs_5516
6 Cisco ncs_5501
7 Cisco ncs_5502
8 Cisco ncs_540-12z20g-sys-a
9 Cisco ncs_540-12z20g-sys-d
10 Cisco ncs_540-24z8q2c-sys
11 Cisco ncs_540-28z4c-sys-a
12 Cisco ncs_540-28z4c-sys-d
13 Cisco ncs_540-acc-sys
14 Cisco ncs_540x-12z16g-sys-a
15 Cisco ncs_540x-12z16g-sys-d
16 Cisco ncs_540x-16z4g8q2c-a
17 Cisco ncs_540x-16z4g8q2c-d
18 Cisco ncs_540x-acc-sys
19 Cisco ncs_560-4
20 Cisco ncs_560-7
21 Cisco ncs_57b1-5dse-sys
22 Cisco ncs_57b1-6d24-sys
23 Cisco ncs_57c1-48q6-sys
24 Cisco ncs_57c3-mod-sys
25 Cisco ncs_540-24q2c2dd-sys
26 Cisco ncs_540-24q8l2dd-sys
27 Cisco ncs_540-6z14s-sys-d
28 Cisco ncs_540-6z18g-sys-a
29 Cisco ncs_540-6z18g-sys-d
30 Cisco ncs_540-fh-agg
31 Cisco ncs_540-fh-csr-sys
32 Cisco ncs_540x-16z8q2c-d
33 Cisco ncs_540x-4z14g2q-a
34 Cisco ncs_540x-4z14g2q-d
35 Cisco ncs_540x-6z18g-sys-a
36 Cisco ncs_540x-6z18g-sys-d
37 Cisco ncs_540x-8z16g-sys-a
38 Cisco ncs_540x-8z16g-sys-d
39 Cisco ncs_57d2-18dd-sys
: Total Affected Vendor : 1 | Products : 39
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2025-20144.

URL Resource
https://blog.apnic.net/2024/09/02/crafting-endless-as-paths-in-bgp/ Not Applicable
https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-ncs-hybridacl-crMZFfKQ Vendor Advisory

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2025-20144 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2025-20144 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • Initial Analysis by [email protected]

    Aug. 01, 2025

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N
    Added CWE NVD-CWE-noinfo
    Added CPE Configuration AND OR *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.6.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.6.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.6.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.6.25:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.1.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.5.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.7.21:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.8.22:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.9.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.10.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.11.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.93:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.6.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.0.90:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.3.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.3.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.3.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.3.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.3.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.4.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.5.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.5.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.5.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.5.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.6.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.6.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.7.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.7.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.8.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.8.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.9.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.10.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.92:*:*:*:*:*:*:* OR cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_5501:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_5501-se:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_5502:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_5502-se:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_5508:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_5516:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540-12z20g-sys-a:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540-12z20g-sys-d:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540-24z8q2c-sys:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540-28z4c-sys-a:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540-28z4c-sys-d:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540-acc-sys:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540x-12z16g-sys-a:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540x-12z16g-sys-d:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540x-16z4g8q2c-a:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540x-16z4g8q2c-d:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540x-acc-sys:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_560-4:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540-6z14s-sys-d:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540-6z18g-sys-a:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540-6z18g-sys-d:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540-24q2c2dd-sys:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540-24q8l2dd-sys:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540-fh-agg:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540-fh-csr-sys:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540x-4z14g2q-a:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540x-4z14g2q-d:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540x-6z18g-sys-a:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540x-6z18g-sys-d:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540x-8z16g-sys-a:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540x-8z16g-sys-d:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_540x-16z8q2c-d:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_560-7:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_57b1-5dse-sys:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_57b1-6d24-sys:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_57c1-48q6-sys:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_57c3-mod-sys:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:cisco:ncs_57d2-18dd-sys:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Added Reference Type Cisco Systems, Inc.: https://blog.apnic.net/2024/09/02/crafting-endless-as-paths-in-bgp/ Types: Not Applicable
    Added Reference Type Cisco Systems, Inc.: https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-ncs-hybridacl-crMZFfKQ Types: Vendor Advisory
  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Mar. 12, 2025

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Description A vulnerability in the hybrid access control list (ACL) processing of IPv4 packets in Cisco IOS XR Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass a configured ACL. This vulnerability is due to incorrect handling of packets when a specific configuration of the hybrid ACL exists. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by attempting to send traffic through an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to bypass a configured ACL on the affected device. For more information, see the section of this advisory. Cisco has released software updates that address this vulnerability. There are workarounds that address this vulnerability.
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N
    Added CWE CWE-284
    Added Reference https://blog.apnic.net/2024/09/02/crafting-endless-as-paths-in-bgp/
    Added Reference https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-ncs-hybridacl-crMZFfKQ
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2025-20144 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2025-20144 weaknesses.

CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts Embedding Scripts within Scripts CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion Malicious Logic Insertion CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration Modification of Windows Service Configuration CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate Malicious Root Certificate CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof Intent Spoof CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure WebView Exposure CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration Data Injected During Configuration CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment CAPEC-550: Install New Service Install New Service CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service Modify Existing Service CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit Install Rootkit CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers Replace File Extension Handlers CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable Replace Trusted Executable CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File Modify Shared File CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon Run Software at Logon CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software Disable Security Software
CVSS31 - Vulnerability Scoring System
Attack Vector
Attack Complexity
Privileges Required
User Interaction
Scope
Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
: