CVE-2025-25291
Apache Ruby-SAML XML Parser Signature Wrapping Authentication Bypass
Description
ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently; the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. This issue may lead to authentication bypass. Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.
INFO
Published Date :
March 12, 2025, 9:15 p.m.
Last Modified :
March 20, 2025, 2:15 p.m.
Source :
[email protected]
Remotely Exploitable :
No
Impact Score :
Exploitability Score :
Public PoC/Exploit Available at Github
CVE-2025-25291 has a 1 public PoC/Exploit available at Github.
Go to the Public Exploits tab to see the list.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2025-25291.
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
SAML SSO for Ruby
Ruby
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2025-25291 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2025-25291 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
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CVE Modified by [email protected]
Mar. 20, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X Removed CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X Added Reference https://portswigger.net/research/saml-roulette-the-hacker-always-wins -
CVE Modified by af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Mar. 15, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Reference https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43374519 -
CVE Modified by af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Mar. 14, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Reference https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250314-0010/ -
CVE Modified by [email protected]
Mar. 12, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X Removed CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X Added Reference https://github.blog/security/sign-in-as-anyone-bypassing-saml-sso-authentication-with-parser-differentials -
New CVE Received by [email protected]
Mar. 12, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Description ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently; the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. This issue may lead to authentication bypass. Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue. Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X Added CWE CWE-347 Added CWE CWE-436 Added Reference https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2025/03/12/patch-release-gitlab-17-9-2-released Added Reference https://github.com/omniauth/omniauth-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-hw46-3hmr-x9xv Added Reference https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e76c5b36bac40aedbf1ba7ffaaf495be63328cd9 Added Reference https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e9c1cdbd0f9afa467b585de279db0cbd0fb8ae97 Added Reference https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.12.4 Added Reference https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.18.0 Added Reference https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-4vc4-m8qh-g8jm
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2025-25291 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2025-25291
weaknesses.