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CVE-2025-40034
PCI/AER: Avoid NULL pointer dereference in aer_ratelimit()
Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PCI/AER: Avoid NULL pointer dereference in aer_ratelimit() When platform firmware supplies error information to the OS, e.g., via the ACPI APEI GHES mechanism, it may identify an error source device that doesn't advertise an AER Capability and therefore dev->aer_info, which contains AER stats and ratelimiting data, is NULL. pci_dev_aer_stats_incr() already checks dev->aer_info for NULL, but aer_ratelimit() did not, leading to NULL pointer dereferences like this one from the URL below: {1}[Hardware Error]: Hardware error from APEI Generic Hardware Error Source: 0 {1}[Hardware Error]: event severity: corrected {1}[Hardware Error]: device_id: 0000:00:00.0 {1}[Hardware Error]: vendor_id: 0x8086, device_id: 0x2020 {1}[Hardware Error]: aer_cor_status: 0x00001000, aer_cor_mask: 0x00002000 BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000264 RIP: 0010:___ratelimit+0xc/0x1b0 pci_print_aer+0x141/0x360 aer_recover_work_func+0xb5/0x130 [8086:2020] is an Intel "Sky Lake-E DMI3 Registers" device that claims to be a Root Port but does not advertise an AER Capability. Add a NULL check in aer_ratelimit() to avoid the NULL pointer dereference. Note that this also prevents ratelimiting these events from GHES. [bhelgaas: add crash details to commit log]

INFO

Published Date :

Oct. 28, 2025, 12:15 p.m.

Last Modified :

Oct. 28, 2025, 12:15 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

No

Source :

416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2025-40034 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Linux linux_kernel
: Total Affected Vendor : 1 | Products : 1
Solution
Apply kernel updates to address a NULL pointer dereference in aer_ratelimit().
  • Update the Linux kernel.
  • Apply patches for AER and PCI/AER.
  • Ensure firmware provides correct AER information.
  • Verify AER capability on devices.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2025-40034.

URL Resource
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/41683624cbff0a26bb7e0627f4a7e1b51a8779a8
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/deb2f228388ff3a9d0623e3b59a053e9235c341d
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2025-40034 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2025-40034 weaknesses.

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2025-40034 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

Results are limited to the first 20 news articles due to potential performance issues.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2025-40034 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • New CVE Received by 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67

    Oct. 28, 2025

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Description In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PCI/AER: Avoid NULL pointer dereference in aer_ratelimit() When platform firmware supplies error information to the OS, e.g., via the ACPI APEI GHES mechanism, it may identify an error source device that doesn't advertise an AER Capability and therefore dev->aer_info, which contains AER stats and ratelimiting data, is NULL. pci_dev_aer_stats_incr() already checks dev->aer_info for NULL, but aer_ratelimit() did not, leading to NULL pointer dereferences like this one from the URL below: {1}[Hardware Error]: Hardware error from APEI Generic Hardware Error Source: 0 {1}[Hardware Error]: event severity: corrected {1}[Hardware Error]: device_id: 0000:00:00.0 {1}[Hardware Error]: vendor_id: 0x8086, device_id: 0x2020 {1}[Hardware Error]: aer_cor_status: 0x00001000, aer_cor_mask: 0x00002000 BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000264 RIP: 0010:___ratelimit+0xc/0x1b0 pci_print_aer+0x141/0x360 aer_recover_work_func+0xb5/0x130 [8086:2020] is an Intel "Sky Lake-E DMI3 Registers" device that claims to be a Root Port but does not advertise an AER Capability. Add a NULL check in aer_ratelimit() to avoid the NULL pointer dereference. Note that this also prevents ratelimiting these events from GHES. [bhelgaas: add crash details to commit log]
    Added Reference https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/41683624cbff0a26bb7e0627f4a7e1b51a8779a8
    Added Reference https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/deb2f228388ff3a9d0623e3b59a053e9235c341d
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.
Vulnerability Scoring Details
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