CVE-2025-54539
Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Description
A Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability exists in the Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client. This issue affects all versions of Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP up to and including 2.3.0, when establishing connections to untrusted AMQP servers. Malicious servers could exploit unbounded deserialization logic present in the client to craft responses that may lead to arbitrary code execution on the client side. Although version 2.1.0 introduced a mechanism to restrict deserialization via allow/deny lists, the protection was found to be bypassable under certain conditions. In line with Microsoft’s deprecation of binary serialization in .NET 9, the project is evaluating the removal of .NET binary serialization support from the NMS API entirely in future releases. Mitigation and Recommendations: Users are strongly encouraged to upgrade to version 2.4.0 or later, which resolves the issue. Additionally, projects depending on NMS-AMQP should migrate away from .NET binary serialization as part of a long-term hardening strategy.
INFO
Published Date :
Oct. 16, 2025, 9:15 a.m.
Last Modified :
Oct. 9, 2026, 10:10 a.m.
Remotely Exploit :
Yes !
Source :
[email protected]
CVSS Scores
| Score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability Score | Impact Score | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS | 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 | |||||
| CVSS 3.1 | CRITICAL | 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 |
Solution
- Upgrade to Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client version 2.4.0 or later.
- Migrate away from .NET binary serialization.
- Restrict deserialization using allow/deny lists if upgrading is not possible.
Public PoC/Exploit Available at Github
CVE-2025-54539 has a 1 public
PoC/Exploit available at Github.
Go to the Public Exploits tab to see the list.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2025-54539.
| URL | Resource |
|---|---|
| https://lists.apache.org/thread/9k684j07ljrshy3hxwhj5m0xjmkz1g2n | Mailing List Vendor Advisory |
| http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/10/15/3 |
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2025-54539 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2025-54539
weaknesses.
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
Vulnerability Research & CVE Analysis by SecureLayer7
Python Java Dockerfile Shell C#
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2025-54539 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
-
Daily CyberSecurity
Apache ActiveMQ Patches RCE and Path Traversal Flaws
Apache ActiveMQ, the widely used open-source message broker, has released critical security updates to address two vulnerabilities that could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or access restri ... Read more
-
TheCyberThrone
Envoy Air Data Breach
October 21, 2025IntroductionOctober 2025 marked a significant moment in cyber risk management as Envoy Air, a major regional carrier for American Airlines, disclosed a data breach following a sophisti ... Read more
-
TheCyberThrone
Inside the F5 BIG-IP 2025 Security Incident: Source Code Theft and Urgent Patch Release
OverviewIn October 2025, F5 Networks disclosed a significant cybersecurity incident involving a sophisticated nation-state threat actor who breached its corporate networks. This breach, detected initi ... Read more
-
TheCyberThrone
Apache ActiveMQ affected by CVE-2025-54539
October 17, 2025CVE-2025-54539 is a critical remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client, a .NET client library used to connect applications to AMQP message brokers li ... Read more
-
CybersecurityNews
Critical Apache ActiveMQ Vulnerability Let Attackers Execute Arbitrary Code
The Apache Software Foundation has disclosed a critical vulnerability in its ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client that could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code on vulnerable systems. Tracked as CVE-2025-54 ... Read more
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2025-54539 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
-
CVE Translated by [email protected]
Oct. 09, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Translation Title: Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client de Apache Software Foundation, Description: Una vulnerabilidad de deserialización de datos no confiables existe en el cliente Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP. Este problema afecta a todas las versiones de Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP hasta la 2.3.0 inclusive, al establecer conexiones con servidores AMQP no confiables. Servidores maliciosos podrían explotar la lógica de deserialización ilimitada presente en el cliente para crear respuestas que podrían conducir a la ejecución de código arbitrario en el lado del cliente. Aunque la versión 2.1.0 introdujo un mecanismo para restringir la deserialización mediante listas de permitidos/denegados, se descubrió que la protección podía ser eludida bajo ciertas condiciones. En línea con la deprecación de la serialización binaria por parte de Microsoft en .NET 9, el proyecto está evaluando la eliminación completa del soporte de serialización binaria de .NET de la API de NMS en futuras versiones. Mitigación y Recomendaciones: Se recomienda encarecidamente a los usuarios que actualicen a la versión 2.4.0 o posterior, lo que resuelve el problema. Además, los proyectos que dependen de NMS-AMQP deberían migrar de la serialización binaria de .NET como parte de una estrategia de endurecimiento a largo plazo. -
CVE Modified by [email protected]
Jun. 17, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Affected [{'vendor': 'Apache Software Foundation', 'product': 'Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '0', 'versionType': 'semver', 'lessThanOrEqual': '2.3.0'}], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}] -
CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
Jun. 17, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added SSVC {'id': 'CVE-2025-54539', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'none'}, {'automatable': 'yes'}, {'technicalImpact': 'total'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2025-10-17T03:55:34.133349Z'} -
CVE Modified by af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Nov. 04, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Reference http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/10/15/3 -
Initial Analysis by [email protected]
Oct. 28, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:apache:activemq_nms_amqp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 2.4.0 Added Reference Type Apache Software Foundation: https://lists.apache.org/thread/9k684j07ljrshy3hxwhj5m0xjmkz1g2n Types: Mailing List, Vendor Advisory -
CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
Oct. 16, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H -
New CVE Received by [email protected]
Oct. 16, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Description A Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability exists in the Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client. This issue affects all versions of Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP up to and including 2.3.0, when establishing connections to untrusted AMQP servers. Malicious servers could exploit unbounded deserialization logic present in the client to craft responses that may lead to arbitrary code execution on the client side. Although version 2.1.0 introduced a mechanism to restrict deserialization via allow/deny lists, the protection was found to be bypassable under certain conditions. In line with Microsoft’s deprecation of binary serialization in .NET 9, the project is evaluating the removal of .NET binary serialization support from the NMS API entirely in future releases. Mitigation and Recommendations: Users are strongly encouraged to upgrade to version 2.4.0 or later, which resolves the issue. Additionally, projects depending on NMS-AMQP should migrate away from .NET binary serialization as part of a long-term hardening strategy. Added CWE CWE-502 Added Reference https://lists.apache.org/thread/9k684j07ljrshy3hxwhj5m0xjmkz1g2n