CVE-2025-54571
ModSecurity's Insufficient Return Value Handling can Lead to XSS and Source Code Disclosure
Description
ModSecurity is an open source, cross platform web application firewall (WAF) engine for Apache, IIS and Nginx. In versions 2.9.11 and below, an attacker can override the HTTP response’s Content-Type, which could lead to several issues depending on the HTTP scenario. For example, we have demonstrated the potential for XSS and arbitrary script source code disclosure in the latest version of mod_security2. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.12.
INFO
Published Date :
Aug. 6, 2025, 12:15 a.m.
Last Modified :
Oct. 9, 2025, 5:34 p.m.
Remotely Exploit :
Yes !
Source :
[email protected]
CVSS Scores
| Score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability Score | Impact Score | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | MEDIUM | [email protected] | ||||
| CVSS 4.0 | MEDIUM | [email protected] |
Solution
- Update ModSecurity to version 2.9.12 or later.
- Ensure Content-Type headers are validated.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2025-54571.
| URL | Resource |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/commit/6d7e8eb18f2d7d368fb8e29516fcdeaeb8d349b8 | Patch |
| https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/issues/2514 | Exploit Issue Tracking |
| https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/security/advisories/GHSA-cg44-9m43-3f9v | Exploit Vendor Advisory |
| https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/security/advisories/GHSA-cg44-9m43-3f9v | Exploit Vendor Advisory |
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2025-54571 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2025-54571
weaknesses.
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2025-54571 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2025-54571 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
-
Initial Analysis by [email protected]
Oct. 09, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N Added CWE CWE-79 Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:owasp:modsecurity:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 2.0.0 up to (excluding) 2.9.12 Added Reference Type GitHub, Inc.: https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/commit/6d7e8eb18f2d7d368fb8e29516fcdeaeb8d349b8 Types: Patch Added Reference Type GitHub, Inc.: https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/issues/2514 Types: Exploit, Issue Tracking Added Reference Type CISA-ADP: https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/security/advisories/GHSA-cg44-9m43-3f9v Types: Exploit, Vendor Advisory Added Reference Type GitHub, Inc.: https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/security/advisories/GHSA-cg44-9m43-3f9v Types: Exploit, Vendor Advisory -
CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
Aug. 06, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Reference https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/security/advisories/GHSA-cg44-9m43-3f9v -
New CVE Received by [email protected]
Aug. 06, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Description ModSecurity is an open source, cross platform web application firewall (WAF) engine for Apache, IIS and Nginx. In versions 2.9.11 and below, an attacker can override the HTTP response’s Content-Type, which could lead to several issues depending on the HTTP scenario. For example, we have demonstrated the potential for XSS and arbitrary script source code disclosure in the latest version of mod_security2. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.12. Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X Added CWE CWE-252 Added Reference https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/commit/6d7e8eb18f2d7d368fb8e29516fcdeaeb8d349b8 Added Reference https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/issues/2514 Added Reference https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/security/advisories/GHSA-cg44-9m43-3f9v