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9.8
CRITICAL CVSS 3.1
CVE-2025-59033
Microsoft Windows Defender Application Control HVCI Bypass Vulnerability
Description

The Microsoft vulnerable driver block list is implemented as Windows Defender Application Control (WDAC) policy. On systems that do not have hypervisor-protected code integrity (HVCI) enabled, entries that specify only the to-be-signed (TBS) part of the code signer certificate are properly blocked, but entries that specify the signing certificate’s TBS hash along with a 'FileAttribRef' qualifier (such as file name or version) will not be blocked. This vulnerability affects any Windows system that does not have HVCI enabled or supported (HVCI is available in Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2016 and later). NOTE: The vendor states that the driver blocklist is intended for use with HVCI, while systems without HVCI should use App Control, and any custom blocklist entries require a granular approach for proper enforcement.

INFO

Published Date :

Sept. 8, 2025, 3:15 p.m.

Last Modified :

Sept. 8, 2025, 6:15 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !

Source :

[email protected]
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2025-59033 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

No affected product recoded yet

: Total Affected Vendor : 0 | Products : 0
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 3.1 CRITICAL 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
Solution
Enable Hypervisor-Protected Code Integrity (HVCI) or implement App Control for driver blocklist enforcement.
  • Enable HVCI on supported Windows systems.
  • Implement Windows Defender Application Control (WDAC) policy.
  • Review and refine custom blocklist entries for proper enforcement.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2025-59033.

URL Resource
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/application-security/application-control/app-control-for-business/design/microsoft-recommended-driver-block-rules
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/hardware-security/enable-virtualization-based-protection-of-code-integrity
https://x.com/JonnyJohnson_/status/1895103112924307727
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2025-59033 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2025-59033 weaknesses.

CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs CAPEC-17: Using Malicious Files Using Malicious Files CAPEC-20: Encryption Brute Forcing Encryption Brute Forcing CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client Exploiting Trust in Client CAPEC-36: Using Unpublished Interfaces or Functionality Using Unpublished Interfaces or Functionality CAPEC-51: Poison Web Service Registry Poison Web Service Registry CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data CAPEC-59: Session Credential Falsification through Prediction Session Credential Falsification through Prediction CAPEC-65: Sniff Application Code Sniff Application Code CAPEC-74: Manipulating State Manipulating State CAPEC-87: Forceful Browsing Forceful Browsing CAPEC-107: Cross Site Tracing Cross Site Tracing CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing Directory Indexing CAPEC-237: Escaping a Sandbox by Calling Code in Another Language Escaping a Sandbox by Calling Code in Another Language CAPEC-477: Signature Spoofing by Mixing Signed and Unsigned Content Signature Spoofing by Mixing Signed and Unsigned Content CAPEC-480: Escaping Virtualization Escaping Virtualization CAPEC-668: Key Negotiation of Bluetooth Attack (KNOB) Key Negotiation of Bluetooth Attack (KNOB)

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2025-59033 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

Results are limited to the first 20 news articles due to potential performance issues.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2025-59033 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    Sep. 08, 2025

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
    Added CWE CWE-693
  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Sep. 08, 2025

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Tag disputed
    Added Description The Microsoft vulnerable driver block list is implemented as Windows Defender Application Control (WDAC) policy. On systems that do not have hypervisor-protected code integrity (HVCI) enabled, entries that specify only the to-be-signed (TBS) part of the code signer certificate are properly blocked, but entries that specify the signing certificate’s TBS hash along with a 'FileAttribRef' qualifier (such as file name or version) will not be blocked. This vulnerability affects any Windows system that does not have HVCI enabled or supported (HVCI is available in Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2016 and later). NOTE: The vendor states that the driver blocklist is intended for use with HVCI, while systems without HVCI should use App Control, and any custom blocklist entries require a granular approach for proper enforcement.
    Added Reference https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/application-security/application-control/app-control-for-business/design/microsoft-recommended-driver-block-rules
    Added Reference https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/hardware-security/enable-virtualization-based-protection-of-code-integrity
    Added Reference https://x.com/JonnyJohnson_/status/1895103112924307727
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.
Vulnerability Scoring Details
Base CVSS Score: 9.8
Attack Vector
Attack Complexity
Privileges Required
User Interaction
Scope
Confidentiality Impact
Integrity Impact
Availability Impact