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8.6
HIGH CVSS 4.0
CVE-2025-9961
Authenticated RCE by CWMP binary
Description

An authenticated attacker may remotely execute arbitrary code via the CWMP binary on the devices AX10 and AX1500.  The exploit can only be conducted via a Man-In-The-Middle (MITM) attack.  This issue affects AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6: before 1.2.1; AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6: before 1.3.11.

INFO

Published Date :

Sept. 6, 2025, 7:15 a.m.

Last Modified :

Sept. 8, 2025, 4:25 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !

Source :

f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2025-9961 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

No affected product recoded yet

: Total Affected Vendor : 0 | Products : 0
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 4.0 HIGH f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630
CVSS 4.0 HIGH f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630
Solution
Update the device firmware to the latest version to patch the vulnerability.
  • Update firmware on affected devices.
  • Apply security patches to prevent remote code execution.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2025-9961.

URL Resource
https://blog.byteray.co.uk/zero-day-alert-automated-discovery-of-critical-cwmp-stack-overflow-in-tp-link-routers-0bc495a08679
https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/archer-ax10/
https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/archer-ax1500/
https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/4647/
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2025-9961 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2025-9961 weaknesses.

CAPEC-8: Buffer Overflow in an API Call Buffer Overflow in an API Call CAPEC-9: Buffer Overflow in Local Command-Line Utilities Buffer Overflow in Local Command-Line Utilities CAPEC-10: Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables CAPEC-14: Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow CAPEC-24: Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow CAPEC-42: MIME Conversion MIME Conversion CAPEC-44: Overflow Binary Resource File Overflow Binary Resource File CAPEC-45: Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links CAPEC-46: Overflow Variables and Tags Overflow Variables and Tags CAPEC-47: Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion CAPEC-67: String Format Overflow in syslog() String Format Overflow in syslog() CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow Forced Integer Overflow CAPEC-100: Overflow Buffers Overflow Buffers

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2025-9961 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

  • CybersecurityNews
TP-Link Router 0-Day RCE Vulnerability Exploited Bypassing ASLR Protections – PoC Released

A critical zero-day remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-9961, has been discovered in TP-Link routers. Security research firm ByteRay has released a proof-of-concept (PoC) ... Read more

Published Date: Sep 18, 2025 (1 month, 2 weeks ago)

Results are limited to the first 20 news articles due to potential performance issues.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2025-9961 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • New CVE Received by f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630

    Sep. 06, 2025

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Description An authenticated attacker may remotely execute arbitrary code via the CWMP binary on the devices AX10 and AX1500.  The exploit can only be conducted via a Man-In-The-Middle (MITM) attack.  This issue affects AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6: before 1.2.1; AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6: before 1.3.11.
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CWE CWE-120
    Added Reference https://blog.byteray.co.uk/zero-day-alert-automated-discovery-of-critical-cwmp-stack-overflow-in-tp-link-routers-0bc495a08679
    Added Reference https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/archer-ax10/
    Added Reference https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/archer-ax1500/
    Added Reference https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/4647/
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.
Vulnerability Scoring Details
Base CVSS Score: 8.6
Attack Vector
Attack Complexity
Attack Requirements
Privileges Required
User Interaction
VS Confidentiality
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SS Confidentiality
SS Integrity
SS Availability