CVE-2026-10097
ML-KEM-1024 x64 AVX2 incomplete cipher text comparison enables IND-CCA2 break and static private-key recovery
Description
wolfSSL's AVX2-optimized ML-KEM implementation (mlkem_cmp_avx2) compares only 1536 of the 1568 ciphertext bytes during the Fujisaki-Okamoto re-encryption check in ML-KEM-1024 decapsulation. Ciphertexts that differ from the expected re-encryption solely in bytes 1536-1567 bypass implicit rejection and are accepted as valid, breaking IND-CCA2 security. An attacker able to submit chosen ciphertexts to a decapsulation oracle that uses a static ML-KEM-1024 key, and to observe whether the genuine shared secret or the implicit-rejection secret was produced, can use this as a plaintext-checking oracle to recover the private key. A proof of concept recovered a full ML-KEM-1024 private key with approximately 98% success using roughly 350 chosen ciphertexts. The flaw is a deterministic logic error and does not rely on timing measurements.
INFO
Published Date :
June 25, 2026, 8:17 p.m.
Last Modified :
June 26, 2026, 5:16 p.m.
Remotely Exploit :
Yes !
Source :
[email protected]
CVSS Scores
| Score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability Score | Impact Score | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS | 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 | |||||
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH | [email protected] | ||||
| CVSS 4.0 | MEDIUM | 50d2cd11-d01a-48ed-9441-5bfce9d63b27 | ||||
| CVSS 4.0 | MEDIUM | [email protected] | ||||
| CVSS 4.0 | HIGH | [email protected] |
Solution
- Ensure full ciphertext comparison during decapsulation.
- Implement constant-time comparison for all ciphertext bytes.
- Verify compliance with IND-CCA2 security requirements.
- Apply vendor patches for the ML-KEM implementation.
Public PoC/Exploit Available at Github
CVE-2026-10097 has a 2 public
PoC/Exploit available at Github.
Go to the Public Exploits tab to see the list.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2026-10097.
| URL | Resource |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl/pull/10430 | Issue Tracking Patch |
| https://www.wolfssl.com/docs/security-vulnerabilities/ | Vendor Advisory |
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-10097 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-10097
weaknesses.
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
None
CMake C++ Shell C Makefile Batchfile Linker Script Perl FreeMarker Objective-C
The wolfSSL library is a small, fast, portable implementation of TLS/SSL for embedded devices to the cloud. wolfSSL supports up to TLS 1.3 and DTLS 1.3! Update to wolfSSL 5.9.1 for the latest CVE fixes.
ssl tls cryptography security openssl tls13 dtls https fips cryptography-api embedded-systems encryption iot trusted-execution-environment openssl-alternative c-library wolfssl cipher-suites openssl-api sniffer
C Shell Makefile Tcl Assembly C++ XS Perl C# M4
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2026-10097 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2026-10097 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
-
CVE Modified by [email protected]
Jun. 26, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Changed Affected [{'vendor': 'wolfSSL', 'product': 'wolfSSL', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.7.0', 'versionType': 'semver', 'lessThanOrEqual': '5.9.1'}], 'collectionURL': 'https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}] [{'vendor': 'wolfSSL', 'modules': ['ML-KEM (Kyber) AVX2 implementation'], 'product': 'wolfSSL', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.7.0', 'versionType': 'semver', 'lessThanOrEqual': '5.9.1'}], 'collectionURL': 'https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}] Changed Description ML-KEM-1024 x64 AVX2 implicit rejection failure in the Fujisaki-Okamoto transform breaks IND-CCA2 security, allowing decapsulation to deviate from the implicit-rejection behavior required by the standard. The AVX2 constant-time ciphertext comparison used during decapsulation never compared the final 32-byte block of the 1568-byte ML-KEM-1024 ciphertext, so a ciphertext manipulated only in those final bytes would compare as equal and decapsulation returned the real shared secret instead of performing the required implicit rejection. wolfSSL's AVX2-optimized ML-KEM implementation (mlkem_cmp_avx2) compares only 1536 of the 1568 ciphertext bytes during the Fujisaki-Okamoto re-encryption check in ML-KEM-1024 decapsulation. Ciphertexts that differ from the expected re-encryption solely in bytes 1536-1567 bypass implicit rejection and are accepted as valid, breaking IND-CCA2 security. An attacker able to submit chosen ciphertexts to a decapsulation oracle that uses a static ML-KEM-1024 key, and to observe whether the genuine shared secret or the implicit-rejection secret was produced, can use this as a plaintext-checking oracle to recover the private key. A proof of concept recovered a full ML-KEM-1024 private key with approximately 98% success using roughly 350 chosen ciphertexts. The flaw is a deterministic logic error and does not rely on timing measurements. Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X Removed CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X Added CWE CWE-697 Removed CWE CWE-327 -
Initial Analysis by [email protected]
Jun. 26, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:wolfssl:wolfssl:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 5.7.0 up to (excluding) 5.9.2 Added Reference Type wolfSSL Inc.: https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl/pull/10430 Types: Issue Tracking, Patch Added Reference Type wolfSSL Inc.: https://www.wolfssl.com/docs/security-vulnerabilities/ Types: Vendor Advisory -
CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
Jun. 26, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added SSVC {'id': 'CVE-2026-10097', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'none'}, {'automatable': 'no'}, {'technicalImpact': 'partial'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2026-06-26T13:51:27.508789Z'} -
New CVE Received by [email protected]
Jun. 25, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Affected [{'vendor': 'wolfSSL', 'product': 'wolfSSL', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '5.7.0', 'versionType': 'semver', 'lessThanOrEqual': '5.9.1'}], 'collectionURL': 'https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}] Added Description ML-KEM-1024 x64 AVX2 implicit rejection failure in the Fujisaki-Okamoto transform breaks IND-CCA2 security, allowing decapsulation to deviate from the implicit-rejection behavior required by the standard. The AVX2 constant-time ciphertext comparison used during decapsulation never compared the final 32-byte block of the 1568-byte ML-KEM-1024 ciphertext, so a ciphertext manipulated only in those final bytes would compare as equal and decapsulation returned the real shared secret instead of performing the required implicit rejection. Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X Added CWE CWE-327 Added Reference https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl/pull/10430 Added Reference https://www.wolfssl.com/docs/security-vulnerabilities/