9.4
CRITICAL CVSS 4.0
CVE-2026-12045
pgAdmin 4: AI Assistant read-only transaction bypass allows unauthorised writes and remote code execution
Description

Read-only transaction bypass in the pgAdmin 4 AI Assistant allows an attacker who can influence database content that the assistant reads to execute arbitrary SQL with the privileges of the pgAdmin user's database role. The AI Assistant's execute_sql_query tool runs LLM-generated SQL inside a BEGIN TRANSACTION READ ONLY wrapper to prevent data modification. The LLM-supplied query was forwarded to the database driver without restriction to a single statement or to read-only verbs, so a multi-statement payload beginning with COMMIT, END, ROLLBACK, or ABORT terminated the read-only transaction and ran subsequent statements in autocommit mode. The trailing ROLLBACK then had no effect. Delivery is via prompt injection: an attacker who can write content into any object the AI Assistant may inspect (a row, a column value, a comment) can cause the LLM to emit the multi-statement payload as a tool call. With ordinary write privileges on the pgAdmin user's role the attacker can perform unauthorised data modification. When the pgAdmin user's role is a PostgreSQL superuser or holds pg_execute_server_program, the chain extends to remote code execution on the database server host via COPY ... TO PROGRAM. Fix validates the LLM-supplied query up front: it must parse to exactly one non-empty / non-comment statement whose leading real token (after stripping whitespace, comments, and punctuation) is one of SELECT, WITH, EXPLAIN, SHOW, VALUES, or TABLE. Transaction-control verbs, DML, DDL, CALL, COPY, DO, SET/RESET, and everything else are rejected before any database work happens. PostgreSQL's READ ONLY mode continues to backstop data-modifying CTEs, EXPLAIN ANALYZE on writes, and volatile side effects. This issue affects pgAdmin 4: from 9.13 before 9.16.

INFO

Published Date :

June 19, 2026, 12:16 a.m.

Last Modified :

July 1, 2026, 7:26 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

No

Source :

f86ef6dc-4d3a-42ad-8f28-e6d5547a5007
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-12045 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Pgadmin pgadmin_4
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
CVSS 3.1 CRITICAL f86ef6dc-4d3a-42ad-8f28-e6d5547a5007
CVSS 3.1 HIGH [email protected]
CVSS 4.0 CRITICAL f86ef6dc-4d3a-42ad-8f28-e6d5547a5007
CVSS 4.0 CRITICAL f86ef6dc-4d3a-42ad-8f28-e6d5547a5007
Solution
Validate LLM-generated SQL to prevent transaction bypass and unauthorized data modification.
  • Update pgAdmin 4 to version 9.16 or later.
  • Validate LLM queries for single, non-modifying statements.
  • Ensure transaction control verbs are rejected.
  • Configure PostgreSQL READ ONLY mode appropriately.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2026-12045.

URL Resource
https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/commit/bf4792444446f0e7ab721d23cbd6bfe6afaa7a8b Patch
https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/issues/10022 Issue Tracking Patch Third Party Advisory
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-12045 is associated with the following CWEs:

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2026-12045 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2026-12045 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • Initial Analysis by [email protected]

    Jul. 01, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:pgadmin:pgadmin_4:*:*:*:*:*:postgresql:*:* versions from (including) 9.13 up to (excluding) 9.16
    Added Reference Type PostgreSQL: https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/commit/bf4792444446f0e7ab721d23cbd6bfe6afaa7a8b Types: Patch
    Added Reference Type PostgreSQL: https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/issues/10022 Types: Issue Tracking, Patch, Third Party Advisory
  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    Jun. 23, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Changed SSVC {'id': 'CVE-2026-12045', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'none'}, {'automatable': 'no'}, {'technicalImpact': 'total'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2026-06-22T19:12:05.335738Z'} {'id': 'CVE-2026-12045', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'none'}, {'automatable': 'no'}, {'technicalImpact': 'total'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2026-06-22T00:00:00+00:00'}
  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    Jun. 22, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added SSVC {'id': 'CVE-2026-12045', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'none'}, {'automatable': 'no'}, {'technicalImpact': 'total'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2026-06-22T19:12:05.335738Z'}
  • New CVE Received by f86ef6dc-4d3a-42ad-8f28-e6d5547a5007

    Jun. 19, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Affected [{'repo': 'https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4', 'vendor': 'pgadmin.org', 'modules': ['AI Assistant', 'LLM Tools'], 'product': 'pgAdmin 4', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '9.13', 'lessThan': '9.16', 'versionType': 'custom'}], 'programFiles': ['https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/blob/master/web/pgadmin/llm/tools/database.py'], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}]
    Added Description Read-only transaction bypass in the pgAdmin 4 AI Assistant allows an attacker who can influence database content that the assistant reads to execute arbitrary SQL with the privileges of the pgAdmin user's database role. The AI Assistant's execute_sql_query tool runs LLM-generated SQL inside a BEGIN TRANSACTION READ ONLY wrapper to prevent data modification. The LLM-supplied query was forwarded to the database driver without restriction to a single statement or to read-only verbs, so a multi-statement payload beginning with COMMIT, END, ROLLBACK, or ABORT terminated the read-only transaction and ran subsequent statements in autocommit mode. The trailing ROLLBACK then had no effect. Delivery is via prompt injection: an attacker who can write content into any object the AI Assistant may inspect (a row, a column value, a comment) can cause the LLM to emit the multi-statement payload as a tool call. With ordinary write privileges on the pgAdmin user's role the attacker can perform unauthorised data modification. When the pgAdmin user's role is a PostgreSQL superuser or holds pg_execute_server_program, the chain extends to remote code execution on the database server host via COPY ... TO PROGRAM. Fix validates the LLM-supplied query up front: it must parse to exactly one non-empty / non-comment statement whose leading real token (after stripping whitespace, comments, and punctuation) is one of SELECT, WITH, EXPLAIN, SHOW, VALUES, or TABLE. Transaction-control verbs, DML, DDL, CALL, COPY, DO, SET/RESET, and everything else are rejected before any database work happens. PostgreSQL's READ ONLY mode continues to backstop data-modifying CTEs, EXPLAIN ANALYZE on writes, and volatile side effects. This issue affects pgAdmin 4: from 9.13 before 9.16.
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
    Added CWE CWE-89
    Added CWE CWE-77
    Added Reference https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/commit/bf4792444446f0e7ab721d23cbd6bfe6afaa7a8b
    Added Reference https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/issues/10022
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.