8.2
HIGH CVSS 4.0
CVE-2026-12490
Bypass of client certificate verification with transfer over TLS
Description

When a provide-xfr is given with a tls-auth-name, a secondary requesting a transfer should provide a client certificate with that name. However, no client certificate is needed when the request comes in over TLS over the regular tls-port (and not the tls-auth-port) or over over TCP over the regular port, when the other conditions of the provide-xfr rule match.

INFO

Published Date :

June 25, 2026, 7:16 a.m.

Last Modified :

June 26, 2026, 2:08 a.m.

Remotely Exploit :

No
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-12490 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Nlnetlabs nsd
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
CVSS 3.1 HIGH [email protected]
CVSS 4.0 HIGH 206fc3a0-e175-490b-9eaa-a5738056c9f6
CVSS 4.0 HIGH [email protected]
Solution
Ensure TLS authentication rules are correctly configured to require client certificates when needed.
  • Configure TLS authentication to enforce client certificates for provide-xfr.
  • Verify TLS and TCP port configurations for provide-xfr rules.
  • Review TLS authentication name settings for provide-xfr.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2026-12490.

URL Resource
https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/nsd/CVE-2026-12490.txt Patch Vendor Advisory
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-12490 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-12490 weaknesses.

CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts Embedding Scripts within Scripts CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion Malicious Logic Insertion CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration Modification of Windows Service Configuration CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate Malicious Root Certificate CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof Intent Spoof CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure WebView Exposure CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration Data Injected During Configuration CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment CAPEC-550: Install New Service Install New Service CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service Modify Existing Service CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit Install Rootkit CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers Replace File Extension Handlers CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable Replace Trusted Executable CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File Modify Shared File CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon Run Software at Logon CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software Disable Security Software CAPEC-12: Choosing Message Identifier Choosing Message Identifier CAPEC-36: Using Unpublished Interfaces or Functionality Using Unpublished Interfaces or Functionality CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery Cross Site Request Forgery CAPEC-166: Force the System to Reset Values Force the System to Reset Values CAPEC-216: Communication Channel Manipulation Communication Channel Manipulation

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2026-12490 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2026-12490 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • Initial Analysis by [email protected]

    Jun. 26, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:nlnetlabs:nsd:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 4.14.3
    Added Reference Type NLnet Labs: https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/nsd/CVE-2026-12490.txt Types: Patch, Vendor Advisory
  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    Jun. 25, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added SSVC {'id': 'CVE-2026-12490', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'none'}, {'automatable': 'no'}, {'technicalImpact': 'partial'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2026-06-25T12:40:01.913311Z'}
  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Jun. 25, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Affected [{'vendor': 'NLnet Labs', 'product': 'NSD', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '4.10.1', 'lessThan': '4.14.3', 'versionType': 'semver'}], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}]
    Added Description When a provide-xfr is given with a tls-auth-name, a secondary requesting a transfer should provide a client certificate with that name. However, no client certificate is needed when the request comes in over TLS over the regular tls-port (and not the tls-auth-port) or over over TCP over the regular port, when the other conditions of the provide-xfr rule match.
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CWE CWE-284
    Added CWE CWE-306
    Added Reference https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/nsd/CVE-2026-12490.txt
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.