5.3
MEDIUM CVSS 4.0
CVE-2026-41149
Mermaid: Improper sanitization of `classDef` in state diagrams leads to HTML injection
Description

Mermaid is a JavaScript tool that uses Markdown-inspired text to create and modify diagrams and charts. Versions 10.9.5 and earlier, as well as 11.0.0-alpha.1 through 11.14.0, are vulnerable to HTML injection under the default configuration. Specifically, the classDef directive in Mermaid state diagrams permits DOM injection that escapes the SVG context. However, <script> tags are stripped, which prevents cross-site scripting (XSS). This issue has been fixed in versions 10.9.6 and 11.15.0. If developers are unable to immediately upgrade, they can work around this issue by setting "securityLevel": "sandbox", which prevents the issue by rendering the mermaid diagram in a sandboxed <iframe>.

INFO

Published Date :

May 22, 2026, 11:16 p.m.

Last Modified :

May 26, 2026, 7:37 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-41149 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Mermaid_project mermaid
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 4.0 MEDIUM [email protected]
Solution
Update Mermaid to a patched version or configure sandbox security for diagrams.
  • Update Mermaid to version 10.9.6 or later.
  • Update Mermaid to version 11.15.0 or later.
  • Configure "securityLevel": "sandbox" to mitigate.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-41149 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-41149 weaknesses.

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2026-41149 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2026-41149 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    May. 23, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/security/advisories/GHSA-ghcm-xqfw-q4vr
  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    May. 22, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Description Mermaid is a JavaScript tool that uses Markdown-inspired text to create and modify diagrams and charts. Versions 10.9.5 and earlier, as well as 11.0.0-alpha.1 through 11.14.0, are vulnerable to HTML injection under the default configuration. Specifically, the classDef directive in Mermaid state diagrams permits DOM injection that escapes the SVG context. However, <script> tags are stripped, which prevents cross-site scripting (XSS). This issue has been fixed in versions 10.9.6 and 11.15.0. If developers are unable to immediately upgrade, they can work around this issue by setting "securityLevel": "sandbox", which prevents the issue by rendering the mermaid diagram in a sandboxed <iframe>.
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CWE CWE-94
    Added Reference https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/commit/37ff937f1da2e19f882fd1db01235db4d01f4056
    Added Reference https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/commit/4e2d512bf5bf6f9de1a8f0a48da78dc4d09ac4f3
    Added Reference https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/security/advisories/GHSA-ghcm-xqfw-q4vr
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.