4.7
MEDIUM CVSS 3.1
CVE-2026-41991
Predictable Temporary File in GNU gzip
Description

GNU gzip contains a vulnerability in the gzexe utility related to insecure temporary file handling. When the mktemp utility is not available in the user’s PATH, gzexe falls back to constructing a temporary file path based solely on the process ID (PID). This predictable filename is created without exclusive access or existence checks. A local attacker can pre‑create the predicted temporary file path as a symbolic link pointing to an arbitrary file writable by the victim. When gzexe runs, it follows the symlink and overwrites the target file, resulting in a time‑of‑check to time‑of‑use (TOCTOU) condition that allows arbitrary file overwrite. This issue has been fixed in the commit 4e6f8b24ab823146ab8776f0b7fe486ab34d4269

INFO

Published Date :

June 29, 2026, 12:16 p.m.

Last Modified :

July 1, 2026, 2:02 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

No
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-41991 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Gnu gzip
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
CVSS 3.1 MEDIUM [email protected]
CVSS 4.0 LOW 4bb8329e-dd38-46c1-aafb-9bf32bcb93c6
CVSS 4.0 LOW [email protected]
Solution
Fix arbitrary file overwrite by updating GNU gzip to the latest version.
  • Update GNU gzip to the version with commit 4e6f8b24ab823146ab8776f0b7fe486ab34d4269.
  • Ensure mktemp utility is available in the PATH.
  • Verify temporary file handling mechanisms.
Public PoC/Exploit Available at Github

CVE-2026-41991 has a 1 public PoC/Exploit available at Github. Go to the Public Exploits tab to see the list.

References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2026-41991.

URL Resource
https://cert.pl/en/posts/2026/04/CVE-2026-41991/ Broken Link
https://cgit.git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/gzip.git/commit/?id=4e6f8b24ab823146ab8776f0b7fe486ab34d4269 Patch
https://www.gnu.org/software/gzip/ Product
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-41991 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-41991 weaknesses.

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

CVEs, conference materials, research.

Updated: 1 week, 6 days ago
8 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : May 28, 2020, 11:37 a.m. This repo has been linked 186 different CVEs too.

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2026-41991 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

  • cert.pl
Vulnerabilities in gzip software

Vulnerabilities in gzip software CVE ID CVE-2026-41991 Publication date 29 June 2026 Vendor GNU Product gzip Vulnerable versions All through 1.14 Vulnerability type (CWE) Insecure Temporary File (CWE- ... Read more

Published Date: Jun 29, 2026 (1 month ago)

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2026-41991 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • Initial Analysis by [email protected]

    Jul. 01, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:gnu:gzip:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (including) 1.14
    Added Reference Type CERT.PL: https://cert.pl/en/posts/2026/04/CVE-2026-41991/ Types: Broken Link
    Added Reference Type CERT.PL: https://cgit.git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/gzip.git/commit/?id=4e6f8b24ab823146ab8776f0b7fe486ab34d4269 Types: Patch
    Added Reference Type CERT.PL: https://www.gnu.org/software/gzip/ Types: Product
  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    Jun. 29, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added SSVC {'id': 'CVE-2026-41991', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'none'}, {'automatable': 'no'}, {'technicalImpact': 'partial'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2026-06-29T13:31:34.387147Z'}
  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Jun. 29, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Affected [{'repo': 'https://cgit.git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/gzip.git/', 'vendor': 'GNU', 'product': 'gzip', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '0', 'versionType': 'semver', 'lessThanOrEqual': '1.14'}], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}]
    Added Description GNU gzip contains a vulnerability in the gzexe utility related to insecure temporary file handling. When the mktemp utility is not available in the user’s PATH, gzexe falls back to constructing a temporary file path based solely on the process ID (PID). This predictable filename is created without exclusive access or existence checks. A local attacker can pre‑create the predicted temporary file path as a symbolic link pointing to an arbitrary file writable by the victim. When gzexe runs, it follows the symlink and overwrites the target file, resulting in a time‑of‑check to time‑of‑use (TOCTOU) condition that allows arbitrary file overwrite. This issue has been fixed in the commit 4e6f8b24ab823146ab8776f0b7fe486ab34d4269
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CWE CWE-377
    Added Reference https://cert.pl/en/posts/2026/04/CVE-2026-41991/
    Added Reference https://cgit.git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/gzip.git/commit/?id=4e6f8b24ab823146ab8776f0b7fe486ab34d4269
    Added Reference https://www.gnu.org/software/gzip/
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.