CVE-2026-42812
Apache Polaris: No protection on `write.metadata.path`
Description
In Apache Iceberg, the table's metadata files are control files: they tell readers which data files belong to the table and which table version to read. `write.metadata.path` is an optional table property that tells Polaris where to write those metadata files. For a table already registered in a Polaris-managed catalog, changing only that property through an `ALTER TABLE`-style settings change (not a row-level `INSERT`, `SELECT`, `UPDATE`, or `DELETE`) bypasses the commit-time branch that is supposed to revalidate storage locations. The full persisted / credential-vending variant requires the affected catalog to have `polaris.config.allow.unstructured.table.location=true`, with `allowedLocations` broad enough to include the attacker-chosen target. `allowedLocations` is the admin-configured allowlist of storage paths that the catalog is allowed to use. Public project materials suggest that this flag is a real supported compatibility / layout mode, not just a contrived lab-only prerequisite. In that configuration, a user who can change table settings can cause Apache Polaris itself to write new table metadata to an attacker-chosen reachable storage location before the intended location-validation branch runs. If the later concrete-path validation also accepts that location, Polaris persists the resulting metadata path into stored table state. Later table-load and credential APIs can then return temporary cloud-storage credentials for the same location without revalidating it. In plain terms, Polaris can later hand out temporary storage access for the same attacker-chosen area. That attacker-chosen area does not need to be limited to the poisoned table's own files. If it is a broader storage prefix, another table's prefix, or, depending on configuration or provider behavior, even a bucket/container root, the resulting disclosure or corruption scope can extend to any data and metadata Polaris can reach there. The practical consequences are therefore similar to the staged-create credential-vending issue already discussed: data and metadata reachable in that storage scope can be exposed and, if write-capable credentials are later issued, modified, corrupted, or removed. Even before that later credential step, Polaris itself performs the metadata write to the unchecked location. So the core issue is not only later credential vending. The primary defect is that Polaris skips its intended location checks before performing a security- sensitive metadata write when only `write.metadata.path` changes. When `polaris.config.allow.unstructured.table.location=false`, current code review suggests the later `updateTableLike(...)` validation usually rejects out-of-tree metadata locations before the unsafe path is persisted. That may reduce the persisted / credential-vending variant, but it does not prevent the underlying defect: Polaris still skips the intended pre-write location check when only `write.metadata.path` changes.
INFO
Published Date :
May 4, 2026, 5:16 p.m.
Last Modified :
Oct. 26, 2026, 7:10 p.m.
Remotely Exploit :
Yes !
Source :
[email protected]
CVSS Scores
| Score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability Score | Impact Score | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS | 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 | |||||
| CVSS 3.1 | CRITICAL | f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09 | ||||
| CVSS 3.1 | CRITICAL | [email protected] | ||||
| CVSS 4.0 | CRITICAL | f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09 | ||||
| CVSS 4.0 | CRITICAL | [email protected] |
Solution
- Ensure write.metadata.path is validated before writing metadata.
- Disable unstructured table locations.
- Apply vendor patches when available.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2026-42812.
| URL | Resource |
|---|---|
| https://lists.apache.org/thread/wxd2wj3p0smvrk84msv317wg5tp3jtw9 | Mailing List Vendor Advisory |
| http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/05/02/13 | Mailing List Third Party Advisory |
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-42812 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-42812
weaknesses.
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2026-42812 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2026-42812 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
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CVE Translated by [email protected]
Oct. 26, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Translation Title: Apache Polaris de Apache Software Foundation, Description: En Apache Iceberg, los archivos de metadatos de la tabla son archivos de control: le dicen a los lectores qué archivos de datos pertenecen a la tabla y qué versión de la tabla leer. ’write.metadata.path’ es una propiedad de tabla opcional que le dice a Polaris dónde escribir esos archivos de metadatos. Para una tabla ya registrada en un catálogo gestionado por Polaris, cambiar solo esa propiedad a través de un cambio de configuración al estilo ’ALTER TABLE’ (no un ’INSERT’, ’SELECT’, ’UPDATE’ o ’DELETE’ a nivel de fila) omite la rama de tiempo de confirmación que se supone que revalida las ubicaciones de almacenamiento. La variante completa persistida / de emisión de credenciales requiere que el catálogo afectado tenga ’polaris.config.allow.unstructured.table.location=true’, con ’allowedLocations’ lo suficientemente amplio como para incluir el objetivo elegido por el atacante. ’allowedLocations’ es la lista de permitidos configurada por el administrador de rutas de almacenamiento que el catálogo tiene permitido usar. Los materiales de proyectos públicos sugieren que esta bandera es un modo de compatibilidad / diseño real y soportado, no solo un prerrequisito artificial solo para laboratorio. En esa configuración, un usuario que puede cambiar la configuración de la tabla puede hacer que el propio Apache Polaris escriba nuevos metadatos de la tabla en una ubicación de almacenamiento alcanzable elegida por el atacante antes de que se ejecute la rama de validación de ubicación prevista. Si la validación posterior de la ruta concreta también acepta esa ubicación, Polaris persiste la ruta de metadatos resultante en el estado de tabla almacenado. Las API posteriores de carga de tablas y credenciales pueden entonces devolver credenciales temporales de almacenamiento en la nube para la misma ubicación sin revalidarla. En términos sencillos, Polaris puede más tarde entregar acceso temporal al almacenamiento para la misma área elegida por el atacante. Esa área elegida por el atacante no necesita limitarse a los propios archivos de la tabla envenenada. Si es un prefijo de almacenamiento más amplio, el prefijo de otra tabla, o, dependiendo de la configuración o el comportamiento del proveedor, incluso una raíz de bucket/contenedor, el alcance de divulgación o corrupción resultante puede extenderse a cualquier dato y metadato que Polaris pueda alcanzar allí. Las consecuencias prácticas son, por lo tanto, similares al problema de emisión de credenciales de creación por etapas ya discutido: los datos y metadatos alcanzables en ese alcance de almacenamiento pueden ser expuestos y, si se emiten credenciales con capacidad de escritura más tarde, modificados, corrompidos o eliminados. Incluso antes de ese paso posterior de credenciales, el propio Polaris realiza la escritura de metadatos a la ubicación no verificada. Así que el problema central no es solo la emisión posterior de credenciales. El defecto principal es que Polaris omite sus comprobaciones de ubicación previstas antes de realizar una escritura de metadatos sensible a la seguridad cuando solo cambia ’write.metadata.path’. Cuando ’polaris.config.allow.unstructured.table.location=false’, la revisión de código actual sugiere que la validación posterior de ’updateTableLike(...)’ usualmente rechaza ubicaciones de metadatos fuera del árbol antes de que la ruta insegura sea persistida. Eso puede reducir la variante persistida / de emisión de credenciales, pero no previene el defecto subyacente: Polaris aún omite la comprobación de ubicación previa a la escritura prevista cuando solo cambia ’write.metadata.path’. -
CVE Modified by [email protected]
Jun. 17, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Affected [{'vendor': 'Apache Software Foundation', 'product': 'Apache Polaris', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '0', 'lessThan': '1.4.1', 'versionType': 'semver'}], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}] -
CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
Jun. 17, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added SSVC {'id': 'CVE-2026-42812', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'none'}, {'automatable': 'no'}, {'technicalImpact': 'total'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2026-05-04T16:31:28.354079Z'} -
Initial Analysis by [email protected]
May. 12, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:apache:polaris:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 1.4.1 Added Reference Type CVE: http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/05/02/13 Types: Mailing List, Third Party Advisory Added Reference Type Apache Software Foundation: https://lists.apache.org/thread/wxd2wj3p0smvrk84msv317wg5tp3jtw9 Types: Mailing List, Vendor Advisory -
New CVE Received by [email protected]
May. 04, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Description In Apache Iceberg, the table's metadata files are control files: they tell readers which data files belong to the table and which table version to read. `write.metadata.path` is an optional table property that tells Polaris where to write those metadata files. For a table already registered in a Polaris-managed catalog, changing only that property through an `ALTER TABLE`-style settings change (not a row-level `INSERT`, `SELECT`, `UPDATE`, or `DELETE`) bypasses the commit-time branch that is supposed to revalidate storage locations. The full persisted / credential-vending variant requires the affected catalog to have `polaris.config.allow.unstructured.table.location=true`, with `allowedLocations` broad enough to include the attacker-chosen target. `allowedLocations` is the admin-configured allowlist of storage paths that the catalog is allowed to use. Public project materials suggest that this flag is a real supported compatibility / layout mode, not just a contrived lab-only prerequisite. In that configuration, a user who can change table settings can cause Apache Polaris itself to write new table metadata to an attacker-chosen reachable storage location before the intended location-validation branch runs. If the later concrete-path validation also accepts that location, Polaris persists the resulting metadata path into stored table state. Later table-load and credential APIs can then return temporary cloud-storage credentials for the same location without revalidating it. In plain terms, Polaris can later hand out temporary storage access for the same attacker-chosen area. That attacker-chosen area does not need to be limited to the poisoned table's own files. If it is a broader storage prefix, another table's prefix, or, depending on configuration or provider behavior, even a bucket/container root, the resulting disclosure or corruption scope can extend to any data and metadata Polaris can reach there. The practical consequences are therefore similar to the staged-create credential-vending issue already discussed: data and metadata reachable in that storage scope can be exposed and, if write-capable credentials are later issued, modified, corrupted, or removed. Even before that later credential step, Polaris itself performs the metadata write to the unchecked location. So the core issue is not only later credential vending. The primary defect is that Polaris skips its intended location checks before performing a security- sensitive metadata write when only `write.metadata.path` changes. When `polaris.config.allow.unstructured.table.location=false`, current code review suggests the later `updateTableLike(...)` validation usually rejects out-of-tree metadata locations before the unsafe path is persisted. That may reduce the persisted / credential-vending variant, but it does not prevent the underlying defect: Polaris still skips the intended pre-write location check when only `write.metadata.path` changes. Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Added CWE CWE-20 Added CWE CWE-284 Added CWE CWE-732 Added CWE CWE-863 Added Reference https://lists.apache.org/thread/wxd2wj3p0smvrk84msv317wg5tp3jtw9 -
CVE Modified by af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
May. 04, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Reference http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/05/02/13