CVE-2026-44330
free5GC: NEF nnef-pfdmanagement API is unauthenticated; forged bearer tokens can read PFD data and create/delete PFD subscriptions
Description
free5GC is an open-source implementation of the 5G core network. Prior to 4.2.2, free5GC's NEF mounts the nnef-pfdmanagement route group without inbound OAuth2/bearer-token authorization. A network attacker who can reach NEF on the SBI can use a forged or arbitrary bearer token (e.g. Authorization: Bearer not-a-real-token) to read PFD application data via GET /applications and GET /applications/{appID}, and to create or delete PFD change-notification subscriptions via POST /subscriptions and DELETE /subscriptions/{subID}. Same root cause as the other NEF SBI findings: the route group is mounted without any inbound auth middleware. Unlike the OAM and traffic-influence groups, nnef-pfdmanagement IS declared in the runtime ServiceList, so this is the production-intended path that operators expect to be protected by OAuth2 setting receive from NRF: true -- and it is not. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.2.
INFO
Published Date :
May 27, 2026, 5:16 p.m.
Last Modified :
Oct. 14, 2026, 8:10 p.m.
Remotely Exploit :
Yes !
Source :
[email protected]
CVSS Scores
| Score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability Score | Impact Score | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS | 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 | |||||
| CVSS 3.1 | CRITICAL | [email protected] |
Solution
- Update free5GC to version 4.2.2.
- Ensure NEF inbound authorization is enabled.
- Verify NRF OAuth2 settings are correct.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2026-44330.
| URL | Resource |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/security/advisories/GHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w | Exploit Vendor Advisory |
| https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/security/advisories/GHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w | Exploit Vendor Advisory |
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-44330 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-44330
weaknesses.
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2026-44330 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2026-44330 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
-
CVE Translated by [email protected]
Oct. 14, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Translation Title: free5GC, Description: free5GC es una implementación de código abierto de la red central 5G. Antes de 4.2.2, el NEF de free5GC monta el grupo de rutas nnef-pfdmanagement sin autorización de entrada OAuth2/token de portador. Un atacante de red que puede alcanzar el NEF en la SBI puede usar un token de portador falsificado o arbitrario (p. ej., Authorization: Bearer not-a-real-token) para leer datos de aplicaciones PFD a través de GET /applications y GET /applications/{appID}, y para crear o eliminar suscripciones de notificación de cambio de PFD a través de POST /subscriptions y DELETE /subscriptions/{subID}. Misma causa raíz que los otros hallazgos de SBI del NEF: el grupo de rutas se monta sin ningún middleware de autenticación de entrada. A diferencia de los grupos OAM y de influencia de tráfico, nnef-pfdmanagement SÍ está declarado en la ServiceList en tiempo de ejecución, por lo que este es el camino previsto para producción que los operadores esperan que esté protegido por la configuración de OAuth2 receive from NRF: true -- y no lo está. Esta vulnerabilidad está corregida en 4.2.2. -
CVE Modified by [email protected]
Jun. 17, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Affected [{'vendor': 'free5gc', 'product': 'free5gc', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '< 4.2.2'}]}] -
CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
Jun. 17, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added SSVC {'id': 'CVE-2026-44330', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'poc'}, {'automatable': 'yes'}, {'technicalImpact': 'total'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2026-05-27T18:47:29.139152Z'} -
Initial Analysis by [email protected]
May. 28, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:free5gc:free5gc:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 4.2.2 Added Reference Type CISA-ADP: https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/security/advisories/GHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w Types: Exploit, Vendor Advisory Added Reference Type GitHub, Inc.: https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/security/advisories/GHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w Types: Exploit, Vendor Advisory -
CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
May. 27, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Reference https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/security/advisories/GHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w -
New CVE Received by [email protected]
May. 27, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Description free5GC is an open-source implementation of the 5G core network. Prior to 4.2.2, free5GC's NEF mounts the nnef-pfdmanagement route group without inbound OAuth2/bearer-token authorization. A network attacker who can reach NEF on the SBI can use a forged or arbitrary bearer token (e.g. Authorization: Bearer not-a-real-token) to read PFD application data via GET /applications and GET /applications/{appID}, and to create or delete PFD change-notification subscriptions via POST /subscriptions and DELETE /subscriptions/{subID}. Same root cause as the other NEF SBI findings: the route group is mounted without any inbound auth middleware. Unlike the OAM and traffic-influence groups, nnef-pfdmanagement IS declared in the runtime ServiceList, so this is the production-intended path that operators expect to be protected by OAuth2 setting receive from NRF: true -- and it is not. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.2. Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:H Added CWE CWE-863 Added Reference https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/security/advisories/GHSA-rwww-x45w-p52w