7.5
HIGH
CVSS 3.1
CVE-2026-44577
Next.js: Denial of Service in the Image Optimization API
Overview
Description
Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. From 10.0.0 to before 15.5.16 and 16.2.5, when self-hosting Next.js with the default image loader, the Image Optimization API fetches local images entirely into memory without enforcing a maximum size limit. An attacker could cause out-of-memory conditions by requesting large local assets from the /_next/image endpoint that match the images.localPatterns configuration (by default, all patterns are allowed). This vulnerability is fixed in 15.5.16 and 16.2.5.
Details
INFO
Published Date :
May 13, 2026, 5:16 p.m.
Last Modified :
July 16, 2026, 12:17 p.m.
Remotely Exploit :
Yes !
Source :
[email protected]
Scoring
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework
for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems.
We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
| Score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability Score | Impact Score | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS | 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 | |||||
| CVSS 3.1 | MEDIUM | [email protected] | ||||
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c |
Solution
Update Next.js to a patched version to prevent out-of-memory crashes via the Image Optimization API.
- Update Next.js to version 15.5.16 or later.
- Update Next.js to version 16.2.5 or later.
- Configure image loader with size limits if updating is not possible.
Public PoC/Exploit Available at Github
CVE-2026-44577 has a 2 public
PoC/Exploit available at Github.
Go to the Public Exploits tab to see the list.
References
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2026-44577.
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-44577 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-44577
weaknesses.
CAPEC-125: Flooding Flooding
CAPEC-130: Excessive Allocation Excessive Allocation
CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death XML Ping of the Death
CAPEC-197: Exponential Data Expansion Exponential Data Expansion
CAPEC-229: Serialized Data Parameter Blowup Serialized Data Parameter Blowup
CAPEC-230: Serialized Data with Nested Payloads Serialized Data with Nested Payloads
CAPEC-231: Oversized Serialized Data Payloads Oversized Serialized Data Payloads
CAPEC-469: HTTP DoS HTTP DoS
CAPEC-482: TCP Flood TCP Flood
CAPEC-486: UDP Flood UDP Flood
CAPEC-487: ICMP Flood ICMP Flood
CAPEC-488: HTTP Flood HTTP Flood
CAPEC-489: SSL Flood SSL Flood
CAPEC-490: Amplification Amplification
CAPEC-491: Quadratic Data Expansion Quadratic Data Expansion
CAPEC-493: SOAP Array Blowup SOAP Array Blowup
CAPEC-494: TCP Fragmentation TCP Fragmentation
CAPEC-495: UDP Fragmentation UDP Fragmentation
CAPEC-496: ICMP Fragmentation ICMP Fragmentation
CAPEC-528: XML Flood XML Flood
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
lab + PoCs for 5 CVEs (Next.js + Drupal)
Dockerfile TypeScript JavaScript Shell Python
Updated: 1 month, 4 weeks ago
0 stars
0 fork
0 watcher
Born at : May 26, 2026, 4:02 p.m.
This repo has been linked 5 different CVEs too.
TOP All bugbounty pentesting CVE-2023- POC Exp RCE example payload Things
bugbounty cve exp exploit payload poc rce vulnerability
Shell
Updated: 1 week ago
733 stars
124 fork
124 watcher
Born at : March 19, 2022, 1:54 a.m.
This repo has been linked 104 different CVEs too.
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2026-44577 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2026-44577 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
-
CVE Modified by 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c
Jul. 16, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Reference https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:40974 -
CVE Modified by 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c
Jul. 15, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Changed Affected [{'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_artifact_signer:1.4::el9'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer 1.4', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:2.9::el9'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Streams for Apache Kafka 2.9.4', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:3'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'streams for Apache Kafka 3', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}] [{'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:2.9::el9'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Streams for Apache Kafka 2.9.4', 'packageName': 'next', 'collectionURL': 'https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_artifact_signer:1.4::el9'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer 1.4', 'versions': [{'status': 'unaffected', 'version': '1783327185', 'lessThan': '*', 'versionType': 'rpm'}], 'packageName': 'rhtas/rekor-search-ui-rhel9', 'collectionURL': 'https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10', 'packageName': 'firefox', 'collectionURL': 'https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10', 'packageName': 'thunderbird', 'collectionURL': 'https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7', 'packageName': 'firefox', 'collectionURL': 'https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8', 'packageName': 'firefox', 'collectionURL': 'https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8', 'packageName': 'thunderbird', 'collectionURL': 'https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9', 'packageName': 'firefox', 'collectionURL': 'https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9', 'packageName': 'thunderbird', 'collectionURL': 'https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3', 'packageName': 'rhelai3/bootc-cuda-rhel9', 'collectionURL': 'https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3', 'packageName': 'rhelai3/bootc-gaudi-rhel9', 'collectionURL': 'https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3', 'packageName': 'rhelai3/bootc-rocm-rhel9', 'collectionURL': 'https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3', 'packageName': 'rhelai3/disk-image-cuda-rhel9', 'collectionURL': 'https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:3'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'streams for Apache Kafka 3', 'packageName': 'next', 'collectionURL': 'https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}] -
CVE Modified by 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c
Jul. 10, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Reference https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:37272 Changed Affected [{'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:2.9::el9'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Streams for Apache Kafka 2.9.4', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_artifact_signer:1'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:3'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'streams for Apache Kafka 3', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}] [{'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_artifact_signer:1.4::el9'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer 1.4', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:2.9::el9'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Streams for Apache Kafka 2.9.4', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:3'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'streams for Apache Kafka 3', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}] -
CVE Modified by 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c
Jul. 03, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Reference https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:34608 Changed Affected [{'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_artifact_signer:1'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:2'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'streams for Apache Kafka 2', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:3'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'streams for Apache Kafka 3', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}] [{'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:2.9::el9'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Streams for Apache Kafka 2.9.4', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_artifact_signer:1'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:3'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'streams for Apache Kafka 3', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}] -
CVE Modified by 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c
Jun. 30, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Affected [{'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:trusted_artifact_signer:1'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Trusted Artifact Signer', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:2'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'streams for Apache Kafka 2', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:3'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'streams for Apache Kafka 3', 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'cpes': ['cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9'], 'vendor': 'Red Hat', 'product': 'Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}] Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Added CWE CWE-770 Added Reference https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44577 Added Reference https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2477194 Added Reference https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-44577.json -
CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
Jun. 17, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added SSVC {'id': 'CVE-2026-44577', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'none'}, {'automatable': 'no'}, {'technicalImpact': 'partial'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2026-05-14T18:33:40.553243Z'} -
CVE Modified by [email protected]
Jun. 17, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Affected [{'vendor': 'vercel', 'product': 'next.js', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '>= 10.0.0, < 15.5.16'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '>= 16.0.0, < 16.2.5'}]}] -
Initial Analysis by [email protected]
May. 13, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:vercel:next.js:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:* versions from (including) 10.0.0 up to (excluding) 15.5.16 *cpe:2.3:a:vercel:next.js:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:* versions from (including) 16.0.0 up to (excluding) 16.2.5 Added Reference Type GitHub, Inc.: https://github.com/vercel/next.js/security/advisories/GHSA-h64f-5h5j-jqjh Types: Mitigation, Vendor Advisory -
New CVE Received by [email protected]
May. 13, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Description Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. From 10.0.0 to before 15.5.16 and 16.2.5, when self-hosting Next.js with the default image loader, the Image Optimization API fetches local images entirely into memory without enforcing a maximum size limit. An attacker could cause out-of-memory conditions by requesting large local assets from the /_next/image endpoint that match the images.localPatterns configuration (by default, all patterns are allowed). This vulnerability is fixed in 15.5.16 and 16.2.5. Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Added CWE CWE-770 Added Reference https://github.com/vercel/next.js/security/advisories/GHSA-h64f-5h5j-jqjh
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity
being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS
score history of the vulnerability.