5.0
MEDIUM CVSS 3.1
CVE-2026-44723
Vowpal Wabbit: Shell injection via crafted PR title in python_checks.yml allows arbitrary command execution on CI runner
Description

Vowpal Wabbit is a machine learning system. The workflow .github/workflows/python_checks.yml embeds ${{ github.event.pull_request.title }} directly inside double-quoted bash strings in four separate steps across four jobs, each passing it as a CLI argument to the Python test script run_tests_model_gen_and_load.py. The shell interprets the expanded string before invoking Python, allowing an attacker to break out of the quotes and execute arbitrary commands on the runner. The pull_request trigger fires on PRs targeting any branch (branches: ['*']), with no additional access gate. This vulnerability is fixed by the 998e390e80a7e8192d7849b7784bc113dbd190ad commit.

INFO

Published Date :

May 26, 2026, 5:16 p.m.

Last Modified :

May 26, 2026, 5:16 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-44723 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

No affected product recoded yet

CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 3.1 MEDIUM [email protected]
Solution
Sanitize pull request titles used in bash commands to prevent command injection.
  • Sanitize pull request titles before use in bash.
  • Validate input data for shell commands.
  • Restrict workflow triggers to trusted users.
  • Apply the provided security fix commit.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2026-44723.

URL Resource
https://github.com/VowpalWabbit/vowpal_wabbit/commit/998e390e80a7e8192d7849b7784bc113dbd190ad
https://github.com/VowpalWabbit/vowpal_wabbit/security/advisories/GHSA-cg2g-xgg7-3xxq
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-44723 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2026-44723 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2026-44723 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    May. 26, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Description Vowpal Wabbit is a machine learning system. The workflow .github/workflows/python_checks.yml embeds ${{ github.event.pull_request.title }} directly inside double-quoted bash strings in four separate steps across four jobs, each passing it as a CLI argument to the Python test script run_tests_model_gen_and_load.py. The shell interprets the expanded string before invoking Python, allowing an attacker to break out of the quotes and execute arbitrary commands on the runner. The pull_request trigger fires on PRs targeting any branch (branches: ['*']), with no additional access gate. This vulnerability is fixed by the 998e390e80a7e8192d7849b7784bc113dbd190ad commit.
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
    Added CWE CWE-78
    Added CWE CWE-1336
    Added Reference https://github.com/VowpalWabbit/vowpal_wabbit/commit/998e390e80a7e8192d7849b7784bc113dbd190ad
    Added Reference https://github.com/VowpalWabbit/vowpal_wabbit/security/advisories/GHSA-cg2g-xgg7-3xxq
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.