CVE-2026-53036
bpf, arm64: Fix off-by-one in check_imm signed range check
Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf, arm64: Fix off-by-one in check_imm signed range check check_imm(bits, imm) is used in the arm64 BPF JIT to verify that a branch displacement (in arm64 instruction units) fits into the signed N-bit immediate field of a B, B.cond or CBZ/CBNZ encoding before it is handed to the encoder. The macro currently tests for (imm > 0 && imm >> bits) || (imm < 0 && ~imm >> bits) which admits values in [-2^N, 2^N) — effectively a signed (N+1)-bit range. A signed N-bit field only holds [-2^(N-1), 2^(N-1)), so the check admits one extra bit of range on each side. In particular, for check_imm19(), values in [2^18, 2^19) slip past the check but do not fit into the 19-bit signed imm19 field of B.cond. aarch64_insn_encode_immediate() then masks the raw value into the 19-bit field, setting bit 18 (the sign bit) and flipping a forward branch into a backward one. Same class of issue exists for check_imm26() and the B/BL encoding. Shift by (bits - 1) instead of bits so the actual signed N-bit range is enforced.
INFO
Published Date :
June 24, 2026, 5:17 p.m.
Last Modified :
July 15, 2026, 2:38 p.m.
Remotely Exploit :
No
Source :
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
CVSS Scores
| Score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability Score | Impact Score | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH | 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67 |
Solution
- Update the Linux kernel to include the fix.
- Verify the BPF JIT range check is enforced correctly.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2026-53036.
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-53036 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-53036
weaknesses.
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2026-53036 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2026-53036 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
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Initial Analysis by [email protected]
Jul. 15, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CWE CWE-193 Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 6.2 up to (excluding) 6.6.141 *cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 6.7 up to (excluding) 6.12.91 *cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 6.13 up to (excluding) 6.18.33 *cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 6.19 up to (excluding) 7.0.10 *cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 3.18 up to (excluding) 6.1.175 Added Reference Type kernel.org: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1a113b5497297871699cd498b1b83542e0db7f15 Types: Patch Added Reference Type kernel.org: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1dd8be4ec722ce54e4cace59f3a4ba658111b3ec Types: Patch Added Reference Type kernel.org: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6927f0d6794aa73318bbfa929f1ff6065b0620df Types: Patch Added Reference Type kernel.org: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7fd3b41260c6120e7b60164afea5d961af6224f9 Types: Patch Added Reference Type kernel.org: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a5dfeb3b61065039488342d43ae06d4729d955d4 Types: Patch Added Reference Type kernel.org: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fb74defa1cca1a73177c0c761e641332e4f979a3 Types: Patch -
CVE Modified by 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Jun. 28, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CVSS V3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H -
New CVE Received by 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Jun. 24, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Affected [{'repo': 'https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git', 'vendor': 'Linux', 'product': 'Linux', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': 'e54bcde3d69d40023ae77727213d14f920eb264a', 'lessThan': 'a5dfeb3b61065039488342d43ae06d4729d955d4', 'versionType': 'git'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': 'e54bcde3d69d40023ae77727213d14f920eb264a', 'lessThan': '7fd3b41260c6120e7b60164afea5d961af6224f9', 'versionType': 'git'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': 'e54bcde3d69d40023ae77727213d14f920eb264a', 'lessThan': '6927f0d6794aa73318bbfa929f1ff6065b0620df', 'versionType': 'git'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': 'e54bcde3d69d40023ae77727213d14f920eb264a', 'lessThan': '1a113b5497297871699cd498b1b83542e0db7f15', 'versionType': 'git'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': 'e54bcde3d69d40023ae77727213d14f920eb264a', 'lessThan': 'fb74defa1cca1a73177c0c761e641332e4f979a3', 'versionType': 'git'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': 'e54bcde3d69d40023ae77727213d14f920eb264a', 'lessThan': '1dd8be4ec722ce54e4cace59f3a4ba658111b3ec', 'versionType': 'git'}], 'programFiles': ['arch/arm64/net/bpf_jit_comp.c'], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'repo': 'https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git', 'vendor': 'Linux', 'product': 'Linux', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '3.18'}, {'status': 'unaffected', 'version': '0', 'lessThan': '3.18', 'versionType': 'semver'}, {'status': 'unaffected', 'version': '6.1.175', 'versionType': 'semver', 'lessThanOrEqual': '6.1.*'}, {'status': 'unaffected', 'version': '6.6.141', 'versionType': 'semver', 'lessThanOrEqual': '6.6.*'}, {'status': 'unaffected', 'version': '6.12.91', 'versionType': 'semver', 'lessThanOrEqual': '6.12.*'}, {'status': 'unaffected', 'version': '6.18.33', 'versionType': 'semver', 'lessThanOrEqual': '6.18.*'}, {'status': 'unaffected', 'version': '7.0.10', 'versionType': 'semver', 'lessThanOrEqual': '7.0.*'}, {'status': 'unaffected', 'version': '7.1', 'versionType': 'original_commit_for_fix', 'lessThanOrEqual': '*'}], 'programFiles': ['arch/arm64/net/bpf_jit_comp.c'], 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}] Added Description In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf, arm64: Fix off-by-one in check_imm signed range check check_imm(bits, imm) is used in the arm64 BPF JIT to verify that a branch displacement (in arm64 instruction units) fits into the signed N-bit immediate field of a B, B.cond or CBZ/CBNZ encoding before it is handed to the encoder. The macro currently tests for (imm > 0 && imm >> bits) || (imm < 0 && ~imm >> bits) which admits values in [-2^N, 2^N) — effectively a signed (N+1)-bit range. A signed N-bit field only holds [-2^(N-1), 2^(N-1)), so the check admits one extra bit of range on each side. In particular, for check_imm19(), values in [2^18, 2^19) slip past the check but do not fit into the 19-bit signed imm19 field of B.cond. aarch64_insn_encode_immediate() then masks the raw value into the 19-bit field, setting bit 18 (the sign bit) and flipping a forward branch into a backward one. Same class of issue exists for check_imm26() and the B/BL encoding. Shift by (bits - 1) instead of bits so the actual signed N-bit range is enforced. Added Reference https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1a113b5497297871699cd498b1b83542e0db7f15 Added Reference https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1dd8be4ec722ce54e4cace59f3a4ba658111b3ec Added Reference https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6927f0d6794aa73318bbfa929f1ff6065b0620df Added Reference https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7fd3b41260c6120e7b60164afea5d961af6224f9 Added Reference https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a5dfeb3b61065039488342d43ae06d4729d955d4 Added Reference https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fb74defa1cca1a73177c0c761e641332e4f979a3