5.5
MEDIUM CVSS 3.1
CVE-2026-53095
bpf: Fix abuse of kprobe_write_ctx via freplace
Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix abuse of kprobe_write_ctx via freplace uprobe programs are allowed to modify struct pt_regs. Since the actual program type of uprobe is KPROBE, it can be abused to modify struct pt_regs via kprobe+freplace when the kprobe attaches to kernel functions. For example, SEC("?kprobe") int kprobe(struct pt_regs *regs) { return 0; } SEC("?freplace") int freplace_kprobe(struct pt_regs *regs) { regs->di = 0; return 0; } freplace_kprobe prog will attach to kprobe prog. kprobe prog will attach to a kernel function. Without this patch, when the kernel function runs, its first arg will always be set as 0 via the freplace_kprobe prog. To fix the abuse of kprobe_write_ctx=true via kprobe+freplace, disallow attaching freplace programs on kprobe programs with different kprobe_write_ctx values.

INFO

Published Date :

June 24, 2026, 5:17 p.m.

Last Modified :

July 21, 2026, 6:21 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

No

Source :

416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-53095 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Linux linux_kernel
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 3.1 MEDIUM [email protected]
Solution
Update the Linux kernel to prevent unauthorized modification of kernel functions via kprobe and freplace.
  • Update the Linux kernel to the latest version.
  • Apply the specific patch addressing kprobe and freplace abuse.
  • Verify kprobe and freplace configurations for correct context values.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2026-53095.

URL Resource
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/611fe4b79af72d00d80f2223354284447daafae9 Patch
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9836cadbd96c7e0dbb0018fa60e7872dd31ac4f8 Patch
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b312cf41b9e43f442613053f6cad39898e1baf96 Patch
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-53095 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-53095 weaknesses.

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2026-53095 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2026-53095 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • Initial Analysis by [email protected]

    Jul. 21, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
    Added CWE NVD-CWE-noinfo
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 6.19 up to (excluding) 7.0.10 *cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 6.18 up to (excluding) 6.18.33
    Added Reference Type kernel.org: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/611fe4b79af72d00d80f2223354284447daafae9 Types: Patch
    Added Reference Type kernel.org: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9836cadbd96c7e0dbb0018fa60e7872dd31ac4f8 Types: Patch
    Added Reference Type kernel.org: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b312cf41b9e43f442613053f6cad39898e1baf96 Types: Patch
  • New CVE Received by 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67

    Jun. 24, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Affected [{'repo': 'https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git', 'vendor': 'Linux', 'product': 'Linux', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '7384893d970ea114952aef54ad7e3d7d2ca82d4f', 'lessThan': 'b312cf41b9e43f442613053f6cad39898e1baf96', 'versionType': 'git'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '7384893d970ea114952aef54ad7e3d7d2ca82d4f', 'lessThan': '9836cadbd96c7e0dbb0018fa60e7872dd31ac4f8', 'versionType': 'git'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '7384893d970ea114952aef54ad7e3d7d2ca82d4f', 'lessThan': '611fe4b79af72d00d80f2223354284447daafae9', 'versionType': 'git'}], 'programFiles': ['kernel/bpf/syscall.c'], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}, {'repo': 'https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git', 'vendor': 'Linux', 'product': 'Linux', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '6.18'}, {'status': 'unaffected', 'version': '0', 'lessThan': '6.18', 'versionType': 'semver'}, {'status': 'unaffected', 'version': '6.18.33', 'versionType': 'semver', 'lessThanOrEqual': '6.18.*'}, {'status': 'unaffected', 'version': '7.0.10', 'versionType': 'semver', 'lessThanOrEqual': '7.0.*'}, {'status': 'unaffected', 'version': '7.1', 'versionType': 'original_commit_for_fix', 'lessThanOrEqual': '*'}], 'programFiles': ['kernel/bpf/syscall.c'], 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}]
    Added Description In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix abuse of kprobe_write_ctx via freplace uprobe programs are allowed to modify struct pt_regs. Since the actual program type of uprobe is KPROBE, it can be abused to modify struct pt_regs via kprobe+freplace when the kprobe attaches to kernel functions. For example, SEC("?kprobe") int kprobe(struct pt_regs *regs) { return 0; } SEC("?freplace") int freplace_kprobe(struct pt_regs *regs) { regs->di = 0; return 0; } freplace_kprobe prog will attach to kprobe prog. kprobe prog will attach to a kernel function. Without this patch, when the kernel function runs, its first arg will always be set as 0 via the freplace_kprobe prog. To fix the abuse of kprobe_write_ctx=true via kprobe+freplace, disallow attaching freplace programs on kprobe programs with different kprobe_write_ctx values.
    Added Reference https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/611fe4b79af72d00d80f2223354284447daafae9
    Added Reference https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9836cadbd96c7e0dbb0018fa60e7872dd31ac4f8
    Added Reference https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b312cf41b9e43f442613053f6cad39898e1baf96
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.