7.7
HIGH CVSS 4.0
CVE-2026-53994
ProFTPD mod_sftp Heap Buffer Overflow via Unsigned Integer Underflow and Size Truncation
Description

ProFTPD mod_sftp contains a heap-based buffer overflow reachable by an authenticated SFTP user. The fxp_packet_read() function accepts the attacker-supplied 32-bit big-endian SFTP packet length without a minimum sanity check. A value of 0 causes an unsigned subtraction elsewhere in the read path to underflow to approximately 4 GB. That oversized request reaches the core memory allocator, where the rounded size is computed in size_t but passed to new_block() as a 32-bit int; the low 32 bits of 0x100000000 are 0, so new_block() returns a small (~512-byte) block while the caller is told it received ~4 GB. The subsequent fill loop then streams attacker-controlled bytes past the end of the 544-byte allocation, producing an attacker-controlled heap buffer overflow. An authenticated user can crash the per-connection ProFTPD session child on demand with a single malformed SFTP packet (packet_len=0 followed by a body greater than approximately 544 bytes), producing reliable authenticated remote denial of service. Depending on heap layout and adjacent allocations, heap metadata corruption and further consequences beyond denial of service may be possible, though only denial of service is demonstrated by the supplied proof of concept.

INFO

Published Date :

July 18, 2026, 8:17 p.m.

Last Modified :

Oct. 24, 2026, 8:10 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-53994 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Proftpd proftpd
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
CVSS 3.1 HIGH 83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10
CVSS 3.1 HIGH [email protected]
CVSS 3.1 MEDIUM [email protected]
CVSS 4.0 HIGH 83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10
CVSS 4.0 HIGH [email protected]
Solution
Heap-based buffer overflow in mod_sftp leads to denial of service. Update ProFTPD to fix.
  • Update ProFTPD to the latest version.
  • Apply vendor-supplied security patches for mod_sftp.
  • Restrict SFTP access to authorized users only.
  • Monitor SFTP traffic for suspicious activity.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2026-53994.

URL Resource
https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd Product
https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd/commit/7342836fa98e36209660a4c5805c801476f63936 Patch
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/proftpd-mod-sftp-heap-buffer-overflow-via-unsigned-integer-underflow-and-size-truncation Patch Third Party Advisory
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-53994 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-53994 weaknesses.

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2026-53994 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2026-53994 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • CVE Translated by [email protected]

    Oct. 24, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Translation Title: ProFTPD Project, Description: ProFTPD mod_sftp contiene un desbordamiento de búfer basado en montículo alcanzable por un usuario SFTP autenticado. La función fxp_packet_read() acepta la longitud del paquete SFTP big-endian de 32 bits suministrada por el atacante sin una verificación mínima de cordura. Un valor de 0 provoca que una resta sin signo en otra parte de la ruta de lectura se desborde negativamente a aproximadamente 4 GB. Esa solicitud sobredimensionada llega al asignador de memoria central, donde el tamaño redondeado se calcula en size_t pero se pasa a new_block() como un int de 32 bits; los 32 bits bajos de 0x100000000 son 0, por lo que new_block() devuelve un bloque pequeño (aproximadamente 512 bytes) mientras que al llamador se le dice que recibió aproximadamente 4 GB. El bucle de llenado subsiguiente luego transmite bytes controlados por el atacante más allá del final de la asignación de 544 bytes, produciendo un desbordamiento de búfer de montículo controlado por el atacante. Un usuario autenticado puede bloquear el proceso hijo de la sesión ProFTPD por conexión bajo demanda con un solo paquete SFTP malformado (packet_len=0 seguido de un cuerpo mayor que aproximadamente 544 bytes), produciendo una denegación de servicio remota autenticada y fiable. Dependiendo de la disposición del montículo y las asignaciones adyacentes, la corrupción de metadatos del montículo y otras consecuencias más allá de la denegación de servicio pueden ser posibles, aunque solo la denegación de servicio se demuestra por la prueba de concepto suministrada.
  • Initial Analysis by [email protected]

    Jul. 30, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:proftpd:proftpd:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 1.3.10
    Added Reference Type VulnCheck: https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd Types: Product
    Added Reference Type VulnCheck: https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd/commit/7342836fa98e36209660a4c5805c801476f63936 Types: Patch
    Added Reference Type VulnCheck: https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/proftpd-mod-sftp-heap-buffer-overflow-via-unsigned-integer-underflow-and-size-truncation Types: Patch, Third Party Advisory
  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    Jul. 23, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added SSVC {'id': 'CVE-2026-53994', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'none'}, {'automatable': 'no'}, {'technicalImpact': 'total'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2026-07-23T19:12:38.278628Z'}
  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Jul. 18, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Affected [{'vendor': 'ProFTPD Project', 'product': 'ProFTPD', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '0', 'lessThan': '1.3.10', 'versionType': 'git'}], 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}]
    Added Description ProFTPD mod_sftp contains a heap-based buffer overflow reachable by an authenticated SFTP user. The fxp_packet_read() function accepts the attacker-supplied 32-bit big-endian SFTP packet length without a minimum sanity check. A value of 0 causes an unsigned subtraction elsewhere in the read path to underflow to approximately 4 GB. That oversized request reaches the core memory allocator, where the rounded size is computed in size_t but passed to new_block() as a 32-bit int; the low 32 bits of 0x100000000 are 0, so new_block() returns a small (~512-byte) block while the caller is told it received ~4 GB. The subsequent fill loop then streams attacker-controlled bytes past the end of the 544-byte allocation, producing an attacker-controlled heap buffer overflow. An authenticated user can crash the per-connection ProFTPD session child on demand with a single malformed SFTP packet (packet_len=0 followed by a body greater than approximately 544 bytes), producing reliable authenticated remote denial of service. Depending on heap layout and adjacent allocations, heap metadata corruption and further consequences beyond denial of service may be possible, though only denial of service is demonstrated by the supplied proof of concept.
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
    Added CWE CWE-122
    Added Reference https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd
    Added Reference https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd/commit/7342836fa98e36209660a4c5805c801476f63936
    Added Reference https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/proftpd-mod-sftp-heap-buffer-overflow-via-unsigned-integer-underflow-and-size-truncation
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.