CVE-2026-54912
WAMR fast interpreter loader heap buffer overflow via constant deduplication mismatch
Description
WebAssembly Micro Runtime (WAMR) is a lightweight standalone WebAssembly (Wasm) runtime. Prior to 2.4.5, the two-pass fast interpreter loader in core/iwasm/interpreter/wasm_loader.c can make inconsistent constant-table decisions between the sizing pass and the emitting pass. After duplicate constants inflate the first pass beyond the constant-slot limit, wasm_loader_get_const_offset emits later constants inline, but the between-pass sort and deduplication reduces the table so the second pass can choose table references and cause reserve_block_ret to emit additional copy operands that were not included in code_compiled_peak_size. A crafted module can therefore make the second pass write partially attacker-controlled compiled-code data beyond the heap buffer allocated from the first pass's size calculation during wasm_runtime_load, before guest code executes. This can corrupt host heap metadata and deterministically crash the process, causing denial of service; further consequences depend on the host application's heap layout. Builds using WAMR_BUILD_FAST_INTERP=1 are affected; disabling the fast interpreter avoids the vulnerable loader. This issue is fixed in version 2.4.5.
INFO
Published Date :
Nov. 5, 2026, 6:17 p.m.
Last Modified :
Nov. 5, 2026, 6:17 p.m.
Remotely Exploit :
Yes !
Source :
[email protected]
Affected Products
The following products are affected by CVE-2026-54912
vulnerability.
Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the
products
that
are
affected, the information is not represented in the table below.
No affected product recoded yet
CVSS Scores
| Score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability Score | Impact Score | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 4.0 | HIGH | [email protected] |
Solution
- Update WAMR to version 2.4.5.
- Alternatively, disable the fast interpreter if possible.
- Apply security patches for WAMR.
- Review host application heap configuration.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2026-54912.
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-54912 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-54912
weaknesses.
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2026-54912 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2026-54912 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
-
New CVE Received by [email protected]
Nov. 05, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Description WebAssembly Micro Runtime (WAMR) is a lightweight standalone WebAssembly (Wasm) runtime. Prior to 2.4.5, the two-pass fast interpreter loader in core/iwasm/interpreter/wasm_loader.c can make inconsistent constant-table decisions between the sizing pass and the emitting pass. After duplicate constants inflate the first pass beyond the constant-slot limit, wasm_loader_get_const_offset emits later constants inline, but the between-pass sort and deduplication reduces the table so the second pass can choose table references and cause reserve_block_ret to emit additional copy operands that were not included in code_compiled_peak_size. A crafted module can therefore make the second pass write partially attacker-controlled compiled-code data beyond the heap buffer allocated from the first pass's size calculation during wasm_runtime_load, before guest code executes. This can corrupt host heap metadata and deterministically crash the process, causing denial of service; further consequences depend on the host application's heap layout. Builds using WAMR_BUILD_FAST_INTERP=1 are affected; disabling the fast interpreter avoids the vulnerable loader. This issue is fixed in version 2.4.5. Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X Added CWE CWE-787 Added Affected New affected value received. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2026/54xxx/CVE-2026-54912.json">CVE-2026-54912</a> Added Reference https://gist.github.com/shumbo/b710c35b005ed871447fce385d1ab760 Added Reference https://github.com/wasm-micro-runtime/wasm-micro-runtime/commit/b1353b5e8983047ff68829c99abf1355d5f389cf Added Reference https://github.com/wasm-micro-runtime/wasm-micro-runtime/releases/tag/WAMR-2.4.5 Added Reference https://github.com/wasm-micro-runtime/wasm-micro-runtime/security/advisories/GHSA-jjv3-x3jf-cg49