4.6
MEDIUM CVSS 4.0
CVE-2026-56390
Arbitrary Output Location Change in GNU Bison
Description

GNU Bison improperly handles grammar‑defined output paths. Grammar directives such as %output and %header allow specifying file paths, which are accepted without restriction and override caller‑supplied output options. When processing attacker-supplied grammar, this behavior allows directing generated files to arbitrary writable locations on the filesystem, potentially overwriting existing files accessible to the Bison process. Maintainers of this project were notified about this vulnerability, and fixed the issue in commit 8d101c19d4d9aaedf83a448c925513742d4efcf0. However, they did not provide vulnerable version range. Version 3.8.2 was tested and confirmed as vulnerable, other versions were not tested but might also be vulnerable.

INFO

Published Date :

July 29, 2026, 11:16 a.m.

Last Modified :

July 29, 2026, 11:16 a.m.

Remotely Exploit :

No
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-56390 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Gnu bison
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 4.0 MEDIUM 4bb8329e-dd38-46c1-aafb-9bf32bcb93c6
CVSS 4.0 MEDIUM [email protected]
Solution
Update GNU Bison to a version that includes commit 8d101c19d4d9aaedf83a448c925513742d4efcf0.
  • Update GNU Bison to the latest version.
  • Apply the patch for commit 8d101c19d4d9aaedf83a448c925513742d4efcf0.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2026-56390.

URL Resource
https://cert.pl/en/posts/2026/07/CVE-2026-56389
https://cgit.git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/bison.git/
https://cgit.git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/bison.git/commit/?id=8d101c19d4d9aaedf83a448c925513742d4efcf0
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-56390 is associated with the following CWEs:

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2026-56390 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

  • cert.pl
Vulnerabilities in GNU Bison software

Vulnerabilities in GNU Bison software CVE ID CVE-2026-56389 Publication date 29 July 2026 Vendor GNU Product Bison Vulnerable versions 3.8.2 Vulnerability type (CWE) Improper Neutralization of Special ... Read more

Published Date: Jul 29, 2026 (4 hours, 24 minutes ago)

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2026-56390 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Jul. 29, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Affected [{'repo': 'https://cgit.git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/bison.git/', 'vendor': 'GNU', 'product': 'Bison', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '3.8.2', 'versionType': 'semver'}], 'defaultStatus': 'unknown'}]
    Added Description GNU Bison improperly handles grammar‑defined output paths. Grammar directives such as %output and %header allow specifying file paths, which are accepted without restriction and override caller‑supplied output options. When processing attacker-supplied grammar, this behavior allows directing generated files to arbitrary writable locations on the filesystem, potentially overwriting existing files accessible to the Bison process. Maintainers of this project were notified about this vulnerability, and fixed the issue in commit 8d101c19d4d9aaedf83a448c925513742d4efcf0. However, they did not provide vulnerable version range. Version 3.8.2 was tested and confirmed as vulnerable, other versions were not tested but might also be vulnerable.
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CWE CWE-73
    Added Reference https://cert.pl/en/posts/2026/07/CVE-2026-56389
    Added Reference https://cgit.git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/bison.git/
    Added Reference https://cgit.git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/bison.git/commit/?id=8d101c19d4d9aaedf83a448c925513742d4efcf0
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.