9.3
CRITICAL CVSS 4.0
CVE-2026-56425
MISP AAD authentication plugin - Improper OAuth State Handling, Missing Session Rotation, Insecure Redirect URI Validation, and Log Injection
Description

The Azure Active Directory (AAD) authentication implementation contained multiple weaknesses in its OAuth 2.0 authorization flow that could allow attackers to bypass important security guarantees provided by the protocol. The application used the PHP session identifier (session_id()) as the OAuth state parameter. Because session identifiers are long-lived authentication credentials, exposing them in OAuth redirect URLs could leak valid session tokens through browser history, HTTP Referer headers, reverse proxies, access logs, or third-party infrastructure involved in the authentication flow. If obtained by an attacker, the leaked session identifier could potentially be used for session hijacking. Additionally, the implementation did not regenerate the session identifier after successful authentication, leaving authenticated sessions susceptible to session fixation attacks where an attacker forces a victim to use a known session identifier before login and later reuses that identifier after authentication. The OAuth state value was also not implemented as a dedicated, single-use nonce. This weakened CSRF protections and increased the risk of replay attacks against the OAuth callback process. The authentication flow further failed to enforce HTTPS for the configured OAuth redirect URI. If a non-HTTPS redirect URI was used, OAuth authorization codes and access tokens could traverse the network in plaintext, exposing sensitive credentials to network attackers. Finally, OAuth error responses containing attacker-controlled GET parameters were logged verbatim. An attacker could inject control characters or crafted log content, leading to log forging, log injection, or corruption of audit records. The fix introduces: * A dedicated cryptographically random OAuth state value. * Single-use state validation and invalidation. * Constant-time state comparison using hash_equals(). * Session identifier rotation after successful authentication. * Enforcement of HTTPS-only redirect URIs. * Sanitized and length-limited logging of OAuth error parameters. AAD Authentication Plugin (OAuth 2.0 / Azure Active Directory integration)

INFO

Published Date :

June 22, 2026, 2:17 p.m.

Last Modified :

June 26, 2026, 8:33 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !

Source :

5a6e4751-2f3f-4070-9419-94fb35b644e8
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-56425 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Misp-project misp
1 Misp misp
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
CVSS 3.1 HIGH [email protected]
CVSS 4.0 CRITICAL 5a6e4751-2f3f-4070-9419-94fb35b644e8
CVSS 4.0 CRITICAL 5a6e4751-2f3f-4070-9419-94fb35b644e8
Solution
Remediate AAD authentication weaknesses by implementing secure OAuth 2.0 practices.
  • Use cryptographically random, single-use state values.
  • Rotate session identifiers after authentication.
  • Enforce HTTPS for redirect URIs.
  • Sanitize and limit logging of error parameters.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2026-56425.

URL Resource
https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/146bc40ad6e10a44f01e8ed62d5f7bc9c06cc4fa Patch
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-56425 is associated with the following CWEs:

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2026-56425 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2026-56425 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • Initial Analysis by [email protected]

    Jun. 26, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:misp-project:misp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 2.5.42
    Added Reference Type CIRCL: https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/146bc40ad6e10a44f01e8ed62d5f7bc9c06cc4fa Types: Patch
  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    Jun. 23, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added SSVC {'id': 'CVE-2026-56425', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'none'}, {'automatable': 'no'}, {'technicalImpact': 'total'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2026-06-23T14:03:59.244241Z'}
  • New CVE Received by 5a6e4751-2f3f-4070-9419-94fb35b644e8

    Jun. 22, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Affected [{'repo': 'https://github.com/misp/misp', 'vendor': 'misp', 'product': 'misp', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '0', 'versionType': 'semver', 'lessThanOrEqual': '2.5.41'}], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}]
    Added Description The Azure Active Directory (AAD) authentication implementation contained multiple weaknesses in its OAuth 2.0 authorization flow that could allow attackers to bypass important security guarantees provided by the protocol. The application used the PHP session identifier (session_id()) as the OAuth state parameter. Because session identifiers are long-lived authentication credentials, exposing them in OAuth redirect URLs could leak valid session tokens through browser history, HTTP Referer headers, reverse proxies, access logs, or third-party infrastructure involved in the authentication flow. If obtained by an attacker, the leaked session identifier could potentially be used for session hijacking. Additionally, the implementation did not regenerate the session identifier after successful authentication, leaving authenticated sessions susceptible to session fixation attacks where an attacker forces a victim to use a known session identifier before login and later reuses that identifier after authentication. The OAuth state value was also not implemented as a dedicated, single-use nonce. This weakened CSRF protections and increased the risk of replay attacks against the OAuth callback process. The authentication flow further failed to enforce HTTPS for the configured OAuth redirect URI. If a non-HTTPS redirect URI was used, OAuth authorization codes and access tokens could traverse the network in plaintext, exposing sensitive credentials to network attackers. Finally, OAuth error responses containing attacker-controlled GET parameters were logged verbatim. An attacker could inject control characters or crafted log content, leading to log forging, log injection, or corruption of audit records. The fix introduces: * A dedicated cryptographically random OAuth state value. * Single-use state validation and invalidation. * Constant-time state comparison using hash_equals(). * Session identifier rotation after successful authentication. * Enforcement of HTTPS-only redirect URIs. * Sanitized and length-limited logging of OAuth error parameters. AAD Authentication Plugin (OAuth 2.0 / Azure Active Directory integration)
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CWE CWE-384
    Added Reference https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/146bc40ad6e10a44f01e8ed62d5f7bc9c06cc4fa
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.