CVE-2026-62333
OpenVM: MemoryMerkleAir allows below-leaf rows to alter memory roots
Description
OpenVM is a performant and modular zkVM framework built for customization and extensibility. Before 1.7.0 in the 1.x line and in affected 2.0 and 2.1 prereleases, `MemoryMerkleAir` does not forbid Merkle expansion rows at `parent_height` = 0 or below while `expand_direction` != 0. A malicious prover can fabricate a subtree below a memory leaf and swap digests inside that subtree to change the committed memory root without a corresponding memory operation. The fraudulent rows still balance against the Merkle and compression buses and require no memory-bus operation for the changed leaf. Because the memory Merkle root binds VM memory state across continuation segment boundaries, this affects the soundness of OpenVM proofs using persistent memory. This issue is fixed in versions 1.7.0, 2.0.0-rc.3 and 2.1.0-preview.
INFO
Published Date :
Oct. 30, 2026, 8:17 p.m.
Last Modified :
Oct. 30, 2026, 8:17 p.m.
Remotely Exploit :
Yes !
Source :
[email protected]
CVSS Scores
| Score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability Score | Impact Score | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 4.0 | HIGH | [email protected] |
Solution
- Update OpenVM to version 1.7.0 or later.
- Update OpenVM to version 2.0.0-rc.3 or later.
- Update OpenVM to version 2.1.0-preview or later.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2026-62333.
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-62333 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-62333
weaknesses.
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2026-62333 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2026-62333 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
-
New CVE Received by [email protected]
Oct. 30, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Description OpenVM is a performant and modular zkVM framework built for customization and extensibility. Before 1.7.0 in the 1.x line and in affected 2.0 and 2.1 prereleases, `MemoryMerkleAir` does not forbid Merkle expansion rows at `parent_height` = 0 or below while `expand_direction` != 0. A malicious prover can fabricate a subtree below a memory leaf and swap digests inside that subtree to change the committed memory root without a corresponding memory operation. The fraudulent rows still balance against the Merkle and compression buses and require no memory-bus operation for the changed leaf. Because the memory Merkle root binds VM memory state across continuation segment boundaries, this affects the soundness of OpenVM proofs using persistent memory. This issue is fixed in versions 1.7.0, 2.0.0-rc.3 and 2.1.0-preview. Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X Added CWE CWE-20 Added Affected New affected value received. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2026/62xxx/CVE-2026-62333.json">CVE-2026-62333</a> Added Reference https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/blob/v2.0.0-alpha/crates/vm/src/system/memory/merkle/air.rs Added Reference https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/blob/v2.0.0-beta.2/crates/vm/src/system/memory/merkle/air.rs Added Reference https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/blob/v2.1.0-dev.0/crates/vm/src/system/memory/merkle/air.rs Added Reference https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/commit/bb123f6073691bd2b794171c594264c77e45c376 Added Reference https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/pull/148 Added Reference https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/releases/tag/v1.7.0 Added Reference https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/releases/tag/v2.0.0-rc.3 Added Reference https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/releases/tag/v2.1.0-preview Added Reference https://github.com/openvm-org/openvm/security/advisories/GHSA-396x-v8w4-9x82