9.2
CRITICAL CVSS 4.0
CVE-2026-72742
DSPy 3.3.0b1 Local File Read via Image/Audio Output Field Parsing
Description

DSPy 3.3.0b1 contains a file exfiltration vulnerability in the Image and Audio output field adapters that allows attackers with influence over language model outputs to read arbitrary local files by injecting a filesystem path into the url field of a parsed Image or Audio typed output. The JSONAdapter and ChatAdapter parse untrusted language model completions through parse_value into TypeAdapter validation, which triggers encode_image or encode_audio to read and base64-encode any local file path via the os.path.isfile branch in image.py and audio.py, subsequently embedding the file contents into outgoing prompt messages sent to the attacker-controlled model endpoint.

INFO

Published Date :

Aug. 11, 2026, 7:18 p.m.

Last Modified :

Aug. 11, 2026, 7:18 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-72742 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

No affected product recoded yet

CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 3.1 HIGH 83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10
CVSS 3.1 HIGH [email protected]
CVSS 4.0 CRITICAL 83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10
CVSS 4.0 CRITICAL [email protected]
Solution
Update DSPy to a version that addresses file exfiltration via output field adapters.
  • Update DSPy to a patched version.
  • Validate image and audio output handling.
  • Sanitize user-controlled inputs.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-72742 is associated with the following CWEs:

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2026-72742 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2026-72742 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Aug. 11, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Affected [{'vendor': 'Stanford NLP', 'product': 'DSPy', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '0', 'versionType': 'custom', 'lessThanOrEqual': '3.3.0b1'}], 'defaultStatus': 'affected'}]
    Added Description DSPy 3.3.0b1 contains a file exfiltration vulnerability in the Image and Audio output field adapters that allows attackers with influence over language model outputs to read arbitrary local files by injecting a filesystem path into the url field of a parsed Image or Audio typed output. The JSONAdapter and ChatAdapter parse untrusted language model completions through parse_value into TypeAdapter validation, which triggers encode_image or encode_audio to read and base64-encode any local file path via the os.path.isfile branch in image.py and audio.py, subsequently embedding the file contents into outgoing prompt messages sent to the attacker-controlled model endpoint.
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
    Added CWE CWE-73
    Added Reference https://github.com/stanfordnlp/dspy
    Added Reference https://github.com/stanfordnlp/dspy/commit/c69136b29aca4c00ca6da7667f7b80783188980e
    Added Reference https://github.com/stanfordnlp/dspy/issues/10067
    Added Reference https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/dspy-0b1-local-file-read-via-image-audio-output-field-parsing
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.