9.1
CRITICAL CVSS 4.0
CVE-2026-75595
Netty: SNI Routing Bypass via Fragmented TLS ClientHello Causing Fallback to Default SslContext
Description

Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to 4.1.137.Fina and 4.2.17.Final, io.netty.handler.ssl.SslClientHelloHandler#decode checks the wrong offset before reading the four-byte TLS handshake header, so a ClientHello whose handshake header spans records can cause an IndexOutOfBoundsException and invoke select(ctx, null). This selects the default SslContext instead of the SNI-specific context. In deployments where per-SNI clientAuth=REQUIRE is the sole mutual TLS gate, the default SslContext uses clientAuth=NONE or clientAuth=OPTIONAL, and no application-layer certificate verification exists, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the protected route's mutual TLS requirement. This issue is fixed in versions 4.1.137.Final and 4.2.17.Final.

INFO

Published Date :

Aug. 19, 2026, 9:17 p.m.

Last Modified :

Aug. 20, 2026, 3:18 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-75595 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Netty netty
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
CVSS 4.0 CRITICAL [email protected]
Solution
Update Netty to version 4.1.137.Final or 4.2.17.Final to fix TLS handshake vulnerability.
  • Update Netty to 4.1.137.Final or later.
  • Update Netty to 4.2.17.Final or later.
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-75595 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-75595 weaknesses.

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2026-75595 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2026-75595 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    Aug. 20, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added SSVC {'id': 'CVE-2026-75595', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'none'}, {'automatable': 'no'}, {'technicalImpact': 'total'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2026-08-20T14:05:51.091097Z'}
  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Aug. 19, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Affected [{'vendor': 'netty', 'product': 'netty', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '< 4.1.137.Final'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '>= 4.2.0.Final, < 4.2.17.Final'}]}]
    Added Description Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to 4.1.137.Fina and 4.2.17.Final, io.netty.handler.ssl.SslClientHelloHandler#decode checks the wrong offset before reading the four-byte TLS handshake header, so a ClientHello whose handshake header spans records can cause an IndexOutOfBoundsException and invoke select(ctx, null). This selects the default SslContext instead of the SNI-specific context. In deployments where per-SNI clientAuth=REQUIRE is the sole mutual TLS gate, the default SslContext uses clientAuth=NONE or clientAuth=OPTIONAL, and no application-layer certificate verification exists, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the protected route's mutual TLS requirement. This issue is fixed in versions 4.1.137.Final and 4.2.17.Final.
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CWE CWE-754
    Added Reference https://github.com/netty/netty/commit/1b5abc6443b63726c72cdd285af2feb7ddbb8ff7
    Added Reference https://github.com/netty/netty/commit/9e0519239108a69b7e9bbc5e9182ee139a0d7961
    Added Reference https://github.com/netty/netty/pull/17213
    Added Reference https://github.com/netty/netty/pull/17217
    Added Reference https://github.com/netty/netty/releases/tag/netty-4.1.137.Final
    Added Reference https://github.com/netty/netty/releases/tag/netty-4.2.17.Final
    Added Reference https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-c4c3-7fpv-j4q5
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.