8.7
HIGH CVSS 4.0
CVE-2026-75596
Netty: Fragmented ClientHello records trigger quadratic pre-handshake reassembly in default SNI parsing
Description

Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to 4.1.137.Final and 4.2.17.Final, the default io.netty.handler.ssl.SniHandler constructors use the pre-handshake ClientHello aggregation path in handler/src/main/java/io/netty/handler/ssl/SslClientHelloHandler.java at io.netty.handler.ssl.SslClientHelloHandler#decode, where handshakeBuffer.clear() and writeBytes() recopy all previously received body bytes for every additional TLS record. An unauthenticated remote peer can advertise a large ClientHello and deliver its body in thousands of tiny records, causing quadratic CPU work on the event loop before the TLS handshake completes and degrading TLS handling for other clients. This issue is fixed in versions 4.1.137.Final and 4.2.17.Final.

INFO

Published Date :

Aug. 19, 2026, 9:17 p.m.

Last Modified :

Aug. 20, 2026, 8:17 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-75596 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Netty netty
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
CVSS 4.0 HIGH [email protected]
Solution
Update Netty to a fixed version to address excessive CPU usage from ClientHello processing.
  • Update Netty to 4.1.137.Final or later.
  • Update Netty to 4.2.17.Final or later.
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-75596 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-75596 weaknesses.

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2026-75596 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2026-75596 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    Aug. 20, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added SSVC {'id': 'CVE-2026-75596', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'none'}, {'automatable': 'yes'}, {'technicalImpact': 'partial'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2026-08-20T19:59:07.317390Z'}
  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Aug. 19, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Affected [{'vendor': 'netty', 'product': 'netty', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '< 4.1.137.Final'}, {'status': 'affected', 'version': '>= 4.2.0.Final, < 4.2.17.Final'}]}]
    Added Description Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to 4.1.137.Final and 4.2.17.Final, the default io.netty.handler.ssl.SniHandler constructors use the pre-handshake ClientHello aggregation path in handler/src/main/java/io/netty/handler/ssl/SslClientHelloHandler.java at io.netty.handler.ssl.SslClientHelloHandler#decode, where handshakeBuffer.clear() and writeBytes() recopy all previously received body bytes for every additional TLS record. An unauthenticated remote peer can advertise a large ClientHello and deliver its body in thousands of tiny records, causing quadratic CPU work on the event loop before the TLS handshake completes and degrading TLS handling for other clients. This issue is fixed in versions 4.1.137.Final and 4.2.17.Final.
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CWE CWE-407
    Added Reference https://github.com/netty/netty/commit/1b5abc6443b63726c72cdd285af2feb7ddbb8ff7
    Added Reference https://github.com/netty/netty/commit/9e0519239108a69b7e9bbc5e9182ee139a0d7961
    Added Reference https://github.com/netty/netty/pull/17213
    Added Reference https://github.com/netty/netty/pull/17217
    Added Reference https://github.com/netty/netty/releases/tag/netty-4.1.137.Final
    Added Reference https://github.com/netty/netty/releases/tag/netty-4.2.17.Final
    Added Reference https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-fccg-mwvh-qqg4
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.