4.4
MEDIUM CVSS 3.1
CVE-2026-77955
Possible ZONEMD verification bypass window
Description

In NLnet Labs Unbound 1.13.2 up to and including 1.26.1, a vulnerability in ZONEMD configured zones (zonemd-check: yes) which are located below (but not at) a trust anchor allow for an attack window where (tampered with) zone contents are served (or stored to disk) prior to the ZONEMD integrity check. This is caused by the needed DS/DNSKEY asynchronous resolution that needs to happen before the ZONEMD check completes. If a zonefile is written to disk (zonefile: option) while the ZONEMD check failed, the tampered data are reloaded on startup and available until ZONEMD verification concludes again. If verification fails, the data is not served any more but still persists on disk for future reloads.

INFO

Published Date :

Sept. 16, 2026, 9:17 a.m.

Last Modified :

Sept. 16, 2026, 7:41 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

No
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-77955 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Nlnetlabs unbound
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
CVSS 3.1 MEDIUM 206fc3a0-e175-490b-9eaa-a5738056c9f6
CVSS 3.1 MEDIUM MITRE-CVE
CVSS 3.1 MEDIUM [email protected]
Solution
Update Unbound to a version that addresses the ZONEMD verification timing issue.
  • Update to a patched version of Unbound.
  • Ensure ZONEMD verification is correctly configured.
  • Monitor zone content integrity after updates.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2026-77955.

URL Resource
https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/unbound/CVE-2026-77955.txt
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-77955 is associated with the following CWEs:

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2026-77955 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

  • The Hacker News
Critical Unbound DNSSEC Validator Flaw Could Allow RCE via a Malicious DNS Zone

Every release of the Unbound DNS resolver before 1.26.1 has a critical heap overflow in its DNSSEC validator, maintainer NLnet Labs said in an advisory on Wednesday. An attacker who controls a malicio ... Read more

Published Date: Sep 17, 2026 (4 hours, 31 minutes ago)

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2026-77955 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    Sep. 16, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added SSVC {'id': 'CVE-2026-77955', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'none'}, {'automatable': 'no'}, {'technicalImpact': 'partial'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2026-09-16T14:33:18.720420Z'}
  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Sep. 16, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Description In NLnet Labs Unbound 1.13.2 up to and including 1.26.1, a vulnerability in ZONEMD configured zones (zonemd-check: yes) which are located below (but not at) a trust anchor allow for an attack window where (tampered with) zone contents are served (or stored to disk) prior to the ZONEMD integrity check. This is caused by the needed DS/DNSKEY asynchronous resolution that needs to happen before the ZONEMD check completes. If a zonefile is written to disk (zonefile: option) while the ZONEMD check failed, the tampered data are reloaded on startup and available until ZONEMD verification concludes again. If verification fails, the data is not served any more but still persists on disk for future reloads.
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
    Added CWE CWE-345
    Added Affected New affected value received. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2026/77xxx/CVE-2026-77955.json">CVE-2026-77955</a>
    Added Reference https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/unbound/CVE-2026-77955.txt
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.