CVE-2026-84384
libheif: brotli/zlib decompression paths lack output-size limits, allowing decompression-bomb OOM/DoS
Description
libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. From 1.19.0 until 1.23.2, crafted HEIF or AVIF mime metadata and unci image data can cause decompress_brotli() and do_inflate() to grow accumulated output without an effective size limit or MemoryHandle accounting. The brotli path has no output bound, while the zlib path checks only a small temporary buffer in a branch that valid streams do not reach, and overlapping icef units can decompress the same payload repeatedly. HeifContext::interpret_heif_file_images() processes multiple compressed metadata items during file opening, allowing a small file to consume unbounded memory and terminate the process. This issue is fixed in version 1.23.2.
INFO
Published Date :
Sept. 18, 2026, 4:17 p.m.
Last Modified :
Sept. 18, 2026, 6:17 p.m.
Remotely Exploit :
Yes !
Source :
[email protected]
CVSS Scores
| Score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability Score | Impact Score | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS | 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 | |||||
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH | MITRE-CVE | ||||
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH | [email protected] |
Solution
- Update libheif to version 1.23.2.
- Apply vendor-provided patches.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2026-84384.
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-84384 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-84384
weaknesses.
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2026-84384 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2026-84384 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
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CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
Sep. 18, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Reference https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/security/advisories/GHSA-24wx-9w62-c96w Added SSVC {'id': 'CVE-2026-84384', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'poc'}, {'automatable': 'yes'}, {'technicalImpact': 'partial'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2026-09-18T17:30:24.859004Z'} -
New CVE Received by [email protected]
Sep. 18, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Description libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. From 1.19.0 until 1.23.2, crafted HEIF or AVIF mime metadata and unci image data can cause decompress_brotli() and do_inflate() to grow accumulated output without an effective size limit or MemoryHandle accounting. The brotli path has no output bound, while the zlib path checks only a small temporary buffer in a branch that valid streams do not reach, and overlapping icef units can decompress the same payload repeatedly. HeifContext::interpret_heif_file_images() processes multiple compressed metadata items during file opening, allowing a small file to consume unbounded memory and terminate the process. This issue is fixed in version 1.23.2. Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Added CWE CWE-409 Added Affected New affected value received. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2026/84xxx/CVE-2026-84384.json">CVE-2026-84384</a> Added Reference https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/commit/21893e8f66c8b79363ca2809391b07d35e1a95ec Added Reference https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/releases/tag/v1.23.2 Added Reference https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/security/advisories/GHSA-24wx-9w62-c96w