7.2
HIGH CVSS 3.1
CVE-2026-86431
commonmark before 2.9.1 XSS via AttributesExtension form feed bypass
Description

league/commonmark (thephpleague/commonmark) versions >= 2.7.0 and < 2.9.1 contain a cross-site scripting vulnerability in the AttributesExtension. Prefixing an attribute name with a single U+000C form feed byte (e.g. {\x0Conclick="alert(1)"}) bypasses the AttributesHelper::filterAttributes() 'on*' event-handler filter because PHP's trim() does not strip U+000C, causing the attribute to be written verbatim into the output where browsers parse it as a genuine event handler. The same prefix also defeats the allow_unsafe_links check, allowing javascript: URIs through href/src attributes even when allow_unsafe_links is false. Exploitation requires processing untrusted Markdown with the AttributesExtension enabled; the injected script executes when the rendered HTML is viewed. Fixed in 2.9.1.

INFO

Published Date :

Sept. 7, 2026, 1:20 p.m.

Last Modified :

Sept. 7, 2026, 1:20 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-86431 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Thephpleague commonmark
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 3.1 HIGH 83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10
CVSS 3.1 HIGH [email protected]
CVSS 4.0 MEDIUM 83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10
CVSS 4.0 MEDIUM [email protected]
Solution
Update league/commonmark to version 2.9.1 to fix a cross-site scripting vulnerability.
  • Update league/commonmark to version 2.9.1 or later.
  • Ensure AttributesExtension is configured securely.
  • Avoid processing untrusted Markdown with the extension enabled.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-86431 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-86431 weaknesses.

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2026-86431 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2026-86431 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Sep. 07, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Description league/commonmark (thephpleague/commonmark) versions >= 2.7.0 and < 2.9.1 contain a cross-site scripting vulnerability in the AttributesExtension. Prefixing an attribute name with a single U+000C form feed byte (e.g. {\x0Conclick="alert(1)"}) bypasses the AttributesHelper::filterAttributes() 'on*' event-handler filter because PHP's trim() does not strip U+000C, causing the attribute to be written verbatim into the output where browsers parse it as a genuine event handler. The same prefix also defeats the allow_unsafe_links check, allowing javascript: URIs through href/src attributes even when allow_unsafe_links is false. Exploitation requires processing untrusted Markdown with the AttributesExtension enabled; the injected script executes when the rendered HTML is viewed. Fixed in 2.9.1.
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
    Added CWE CWE-79
    Added Affected New affected value received. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2026/86xxx/CVE-2026-86431.json">CVE-2026-86431</a>
    Added Reference https://github.com/thephpleague/commonmark/commit/43207253ea5f14867c77c697cd3838c446cadcea
    Added Reference https://github.com/thephpleague/commonmark/security/advisories/GHSA-f8fg-pg57-v4j8
    Added Reference https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/commonmark-before-2.9.1-xss-via-attributesextension-form-feed-bypass
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.