5.9
MEDIUM
CVE-2018-0735
OpenSSL ECDSA Timing Side Channel Attack (Private Key Disclosure)
Description

The OpenSSL ECDSA signature algorithm has been shown to be vulnerable to a timing side channel attack. An attacker could use variations in the signing algorithm to recover the private key. Fixed in OpenSSL 1.1.0j (Affected 1.1.0-1.1.0i). Fixed in OpenSSL 1.1.1a (Affected 1.1.1).

INFO

Published Date :

Oct. 29, 2018, 1:29 p.m.

Last Modified :

Nov. 21, 2024, 3:38 a.m.

Remotely Exploitable :

Yes !

Impact Score :

3.6

Exploitability Score :

2.2
Public PoC/Exploit Available at Github

CVE-2018-0735 has a 4 public PoC/Exploit available at Github. Go to the Public Exploits tab to see the list.

Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2018-0735 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Oracle mysql
2 Oracle peoplesoft_enterprise_peopletools
3 Oracle enterprise_manager_ops_center
4 Oracle vm_virtualbox
5 Oracle primavera_p6_enterprise_project_portfolio_management
6 Oracle tuxedo
7 Oracle application_server
8 Oracle secure_global_desktop
9 Oracle enterprise_manager_base_platform
10 Oracle api_gateway
1 Netapp cloud_backup
2 Netapp steelstore
3 Netapp cn1610_firmware
4 Netapp oncommand_unified_manager
5 Netapp element_software
6 Netapp smi-s_provider
7 Netapp snapdrive
8 Netapp santricity_smi-s_provider
9 Netapp cn1610
1 Canonical ubuntu_linux
1 Debian debian_linux
1 Openssl openssl
1 Nodejs node.js
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2018-0735.

URL Resource
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105750 Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041986 Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3700 Third Party Advisory
https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git%3Ba=commitdiff%3Bh=56fb454d281a023b3f950d969693553d3f3ceea1
https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git%3Ba=commitdiff%3Bh=b1d6d55ece1c26fa2829e2b819b038d7b6d692b4
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/11/msg00024.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/november-2018-security-releases/ Third Party Advisory
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20181105-0002/ Third Party Advisory
https://usn.ubuntu.com/3840-1/ Third Party Advisory
https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4348 Third Party Advisory
https://www.openssl.org/news/secadv/20181029.txt Vendor Advisory
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2020.html Third Party Advisory
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuapr2019-5072813.html Patch Third Party Advisory
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2019-5072801.html Patch Third Party Advisory
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2019-5072835.html Patch Third Party Advisory
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105750 Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041986 Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3700 Third Party Advisory
https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git%3Ba=commitdiff%3Bh=56fb454d281a023b3f950d969693553d3f3ceea1
https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git%3Ba=commitdiff%3Bh=b1d6d55ece1c26fa2829e2b819b038d7b6d692b4
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/11/msg00024.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/november-2018-security-releases/ Third Party Advisory
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20181105-0002/ Third Party Advisory
https://usn.ubuntu.com/3840-1/ Third Party Advisory
https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4348 Third Party Advisory
https://www.openssl.org/news/secadv/20181029.txt Vendor Advisory
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2020.html Third Party Advisory
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuapr2019-5072813.html Patch Third Party Advisory
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2019-5072801.html Patch Third Party Advisory
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2019-5072835.html Patch Third Party Advisory

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

None

Updated: 2 weeks, 2 days ago
6 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : Feb. 23, 2023, 5:42 a.m. This repo has been linked 462 different CVEs too.

Quick and easy CVE scanning for Linux systems

Python

Updated: 4 years, 6 months ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : June 4, 2020, 9:12 p.m. This repo has been linked 12 different CVEs too.

None

Shell

Updated: 5 years, 5 months ago
0 stars 0 fork 0 watcher
Born at : July 18, 2019, 10:49 p.m. This repo has been linked 124 different CVEs too.

Misuse cases of Cryptography in real world software products

Updated: 1 year, 4 months ago
11 stars 3 fork 3 watcher
Born at : April 25, 2017, 5:04 a.m. This repo has been linked 1 different CVEs too.

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2018-0735 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2018-0735 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • CVE Modified by af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108

    Nov. 21, 2024

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105750
    Added Reference http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041986
    Added Reference https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3700
    Added Reference https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git%3Ba=commitdiff%3Bh=56fb454d281a023b3f950d969693553d3f3ceea1
    Added Reference https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git%3Ba=commitdiff%3Bh=b1d6d55ece1c26fa2829e2b819b038d7b6d692b4
    Added Reference https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/11/msg00024.html
    Added Reference https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/november-2018-security-releases/
    Added Reference https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20181105-0002/
    Added Reference https://usn.ubuntu.com/3840-1/
    Added Reference https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4348
    Added Reference https://www.openssl.org/news/secadv/20181029.txt
    Added Reference https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2020.html
    Added Reference https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuapr2019-5072813.html
    Added Reference https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2019-5072801.html
    Added Reference https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2019-5072835.html
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    May. 14, 2024

    Action Type Old Value New Value
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Nov. 07, 2023

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference OpenSSL Software Foundation https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git%3Ba=commitdiff%3Bh=56fb454d281a023b3f950d969693553d3f3ceea1 [No types assigned]
    Added Reference OpenSSL Software Foundation https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git%3Ba=commitdiff%3Bh=b1d6d55ece1c26fa2829e2b819b038d7b6d692b4 [No types assigned]
    Removed Reference OpenSSL Software Foundation https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git;a=commitdiff;h=b1d6d55ece1c26fa2829e2b819b038d7b6d692b4
    Removed Reference OpenSSL Software Foundation https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git;a=commitdiff;h=56fb454d281a023b3f950d969693553d3f3ceea1
  • Modified Analysis by [email protected]

    Aug. 29, 2022

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Removed CVSS V3 NIST AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
    Added CVSS V3.1 NIST AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
    Changed Reference Type https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3700 No Types Assigned https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3700 Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2020.html No Types Assigned https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2020.html Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2019-5072835.html No Types Assigned https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2019-5072835.html Patch, Third Party Advisory
    Changed CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:*:*:*:*:lts:*:*:* versions from (including) 10.13.0 up to (including) 10.14.1 *cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 11.0.0 up to (including) 11.4.0 OR *cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:* versions from (including) 10.0.0 up to (excluding) 10.12.0 *cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:10.13.0:*:*:*:lts:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:* versions from (including) 11.0.0 up to (excluding) 11.3.0
  • CWE Remap by [email protected]

    Aug. 24, 2020

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Changed CWE CWE-320 CWE-327
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Jan. 15, 2020

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2020.html [No Types Assigned]
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Nov. 06, 2019

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3700 [No Types Assigned]
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Jul. 23, 2019

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2019-5072835.html [No Types Assigned]
  • Modified Analysis by [email protected]

    May. 10, 2019

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Changed Reference Type https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/11/msg00024.html Third Party Advisory https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/11/msg00024.html Mailing List, Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuapr2019-5072813.html No Types Assigned https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuapr2019-5072813.html Patch, Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2019-5072801.html Third Party Advisory https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2019-5072801.html Patch, Third Party Advisory
    Changed CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:netapp:cloud_backup:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:netapp:oncommand_unified_manager:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:netapp:santricity_smi-s_provider:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:netapp:steelstore:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* OR *cpe:2.3:a:netapp:cloud_backup:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:netapp:element_software:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:netapp:oncommand_unified_manager:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:netapp:oncommand_unified_manager:*:*:*:*:*:vsphere:*:* versions from (including) 9.4 *cpe:2.3:a:netapp:santricity_smi-s_provider:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:netapp:smi-s_provider:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:netapp:snapdrive:-:*:*:*:*:unix:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:netapp:snapdrive:-:*:*:*:*:windows:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:netapp:steelstore:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:api_gateway:11.1.2.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:application_server:0.9.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:application_server:1.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:application_server:1.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:enterprise_manager_base_platform:12.1.0.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:enterprise_manager_base_platform:13.2.0.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:enterprise_manager_base_platform:13.3.0.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:enterprise_manager_ops_center:12.3.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (including) 5.6.42 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 5.7.0 up to (including) 5.7.24 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 8.0.0 up to (including) 8.0.13 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:peoplesoft_enterprise_peopletools:8.55:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:peoplesoft_enterprise_peopletools:8.56:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:peoplesoft_enterprise_peopletools:8.57:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:primavera_p6_enterprise_project_portfolio_management:8.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:primavera_p6_enterprise_project_portfolio_management:15.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:primavera_p6_enterprise_project_portfolio_management:15.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:primavera_p6_enterprise_project_portfolio_management:16.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:primavera_p6_enterprise_project_portfolio_management:16.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:primavera_p6_enterprise_project_portfolio_management:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 17.7 up to (including) 17.12 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:primavera_p6_enterprise_project_portfolio_management:18.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:secure_global_desktop:5.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:tuxedo:12.1.1.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:vm_virtualbox:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 5.0.0 up to (excluding) 5.2.24 *cpe:2.3:a:oracle:vm_virtualbox:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 6.0.0
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Apr. 23, 2019

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuapr2019-5072813.html [No Types Assigned]
  • Initial Analysis by [email protected]

    Jan. 29, 2019

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CVSS V2 (AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N)
    Added CVSS V3 AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
    Changed Reference Type https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git;a=commitdiff;h=56fb454d281a023b3f950d969693553d3f3ceea1 No Types Assigned https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git;a=commitdiff;h=56fb454d281a023b3f950d969693553d3f3ceea1 Patch, Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git;a=commitdiff;h=b1d6d55ece1c26fa2829e2b819b038d7b6d692b4 No Types Assigned https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git;a=commitdiff;h=b1d6d55ece1c26fa2829e2b819b038d7b6d692b4 Patch, Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105750 No Types Assigned http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105750 Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
    Changed Reference Type https://usn.ubuntu.com/3840-1/ No Types Assigned https://usn.ubuntu.com/3840-1/ Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/11/msg00024.html No Types Assigned https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/11/msg00024.html Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20181105-0002/ No Types Assigned https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20181105-0002/ Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://www.openssl.org/news/secadv/20181029.txt No Types Assigned https://www.openssl.org/news/secadv/20181029.txt Vendor Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2019-5072801.html No Types Assigned https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2019-5072801.html Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4348 No Types Assigned https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4348 Third Party Advisory
    Changed Reference Type http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041986 No Types Assigned http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041986 Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
    Changed Reference Type https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/november-2018-security-releases/ No Types Assigned https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/november-2018-security-releases/ Third Party Advisory
    Added CWE CWE-320
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 1.1.0 up to (including) 1.1.0i *cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:14.04:*:*:*:lts:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:16.04:*:*:*:lts:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:18.04:*:*:*:lts:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:18.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:*:*:*:*:lts:*:*:* versions from (including) 10.13.0 up to (including) 10.14.1 *cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 11.0.0 up to (including) 11.4.0
    Added CPE Configuration AND OR *cpe:2.3:o:netapp:cn1610_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* OR cpe:2.3:h:netapp:cn1610:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:netapp:cloud_backup:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:netapp:oncommand_unified_manager:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:netapp:santricity_smi-s_provider:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:netapp:steelstore:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Jan. 16, 2019

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2019-5072801.html [No Types Assigned]
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Dec. 07, 2018

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://usn.ubuntu.com/3840-1/ [No Types Assigned]
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Dec. 01, 2018

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4348 [No Types Assigned]
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Nov. 29, 2018

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/november-2018-security-releases/ [No Types Assigned]
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Nov. 22, 2018

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/11/msg00024.html [No Types Assigned]
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Nov. 20, 2018

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Changed Description The OpenSSL ECDSA signature algorithm has been shown to be vulnerable to a timing side channel attack. An attacker could use variations in the signing algorithm to recover the private key. Fixed in OpenSSL 1.1.0j-dev (Affected 1.1.0-1.1.0i). Fixed in OpenSSL 1.1.1a-dev (Affected 1.1.1). The OpenSSL ECDSA signature algorithm has been shown to be vulnerable to a timing side channel attack. An attacker could use variations in the signing algorithm to recover the private key. Fixed in OpenSSL 1.1.0j (Affected 1.1.0-1.1.0i). Fixed in OpenSSL 1.1.1a (Affected 1.1.1).
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Nov. 06, 2018

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20181105-0002/ [No Types Assigned]
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Oct. 30, 2018

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041986 [No Types Assigned]
    Added Reference http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105750 [No Types Assigned]
  • CVE Modified by [email protected]

    Oct. 29, 2018

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Changed Description The OpenSSL ECDSA signature algorithm has been shown to be vulnerable to a timing side channel attack. An attacker could use variations in the signing algorithm to recover the private key. Fixed in OpenSSL 1.1.0j (Affected 1.1.0-1.1.0i). Fixed in OpenSSL 1.1.1a (Affected 1.1.1). The OpenSSL ECDSA signature algorithm has been shown to be vulnerable to a timing side channel attack. An attacker could use variations in the signing algorithm to recover the private key. Fixed in OpenSSL 1.1.0j-dev (Affected 1.1.0-1.1.0i). Fixed in OpenSSL 1.1.1a-dev (Affected 1.1.1).
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2018-0735 is associated with the following CWEs:

Exploit Prediction

EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days.

0.44 }} 0.02%

score

0.74670

percentile

CVSS31 - Vulnerability Scoring System
Attack Vector
Attack Complexity
Privileges Required
User Interaction
Scope
Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability