CVE-2025-23168
"Versa Networks Two-Factor Authentication OTP Redirection and Replay Vulnerability"
Description
The Versa Director SD-WAN orchestration platform implements Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) using One-Time Passcodes (OTP) delivered via email or SMS. Versa Director accepts untrusted user input when dispatching 2FA codes, allowing an attacker who knows a valid username and password to redirect the OTP delivery (SMS/email) to their own device. OTP/TOTP codes are not invalidated after use, enabling reuse by an attacker who has previously intercepted or obtained a valid code. In addition, the 2FA system does not adequately restrict the number or frequency of login attempts. The OTP values are generated from a relatively small keyspace, making brute-force attacks more feasible. Exploitation Status: Versa Networks is not aware of any reported instance where this vulnerability was exploited. Proof of concept for this vulnerability has been disclosed by third party security researchers. Workarounds or Mitigation: Versa recommends that Director be upgraded to one of the remediated software versions.
INFO
Published Date :
June 19, 2025, 12:15 a.m.
Last Modified :
July 9, 2025, 6:23 p.m.
Source :
[email protected]
Remotely Exploitable :
Yes !
Impact Score :
5.9
Exploitability Score :
2.8
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2025-23168.
| URL | Resource |
|---|---|
| https://security-portal.versa-networks.com/emailbulletins/68526512dc94d6b9f2faf715 | Mailing List Vendor Advisory |
| https://support.versa-networks.com/support/solutions/articles/23000024323-release-21-2-3 | Permissions Required Release Notes |
| https://support.versa-networks.com/support/solutions/articles/23000025680-release-22-1-2 | Permissions Required Release Notes |
| https://support.versa-networks.com/support/solutions/articles/23000026033-release-22-1-3 | Permissions Required Release Notes |
| https://support.versa-networks.com/support/solutions/articles/23000026708-release-22-1-4 | Permissions Required Release Notes |
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2025-23168 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2025-23168 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
-
Initial Analysis by [email protected]
Jul. 09, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:versa-networks:versa_director:21.2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:versa-networks:versa_director:22.1.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:versa-networks:versa_director:22.1.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:versa-networks:versa_director:21.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:versa-networks:versa_director:22.1.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* Added Reference Type HackerOne: https://security-portal.versa-networks.com/emailbulletins/68526512dc94d6b9f2faf715 Types: Mailing List, Vendor Advisory Added Reference Type HackerOne: https://support.versa-networks.com/support/solutions/articles/23000024323-release-21-2-3 Types: Permissions Required, Release Notes Added Reference Type HackerOne: https://support.versa-networks.com/support/solutions/articles/23000025680-release-22-1-2 Types: Permissions Required, Release Notes Added Reference Type HackerOne: https://support.versa-networks.com/support/solutions/articles/23000026033-release-22-1-3 Types: Permissions Required, Release Notes Added Reference Type HackerOne: https://support.versa-networks.com/support/solutions/articles/23000026708-release-22-1-4 Types: Permissions Required, Release Notes -
CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
Jun. 23, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CWE CWE-290 -
New CVE Received by [email protected]
Jun. 19, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Description The Versa Director SD-WAN orchestration platform implements Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) using One-Time Passcodes (OTP) delivered via email or SMS. Versa Director accepts untrusted user input when dispatching 2FA codes, allowing an attacker who knows a valid username and password to redirect the OTP delivery (SMS/email) to their own device. OTP/TOTP codes are not invalidated after use, enabling reuse by an attacker who has previously intercepted or obtained a valid code. In addition, the 2FA system does not adequately restrict the number or frequency of login attempts. The OTP values are generated from a relatively small keyspace, making brute-force attacks more feasible. Exploitation Status: Versa Networks is not aware of any reported instance where this vulnerability was exploited. Proof of concept for this vulnerability has been disclosed by third party security researchers. Workarounds or Mitigation: Versa recommends that Director be upgraded to one of the remediated software versions. Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L Added Reference https://security-portal.versa-networks.com/emailbulletins/68526512dc94d6b9f2faf715 Added Reference https://support.versa-networks.com/support/solutions/articles/23000024323-release-21-2-3 Added Reference https://support.versa-networks.com/support/solutions/articles/23000025680-release-22-1-2 Added Reference https://support.versa-networks.com/support/solutions/articles/23000026033-release-22-1-3 Added Reference https://support.versa-networks.com/support/solutions/articles/23000026708-release-22-1-4
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2025-23168 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2025-23168
weaknesses.