6.5
MEDIUM CVSS 3.1
CVE-2025-66454
Arcade MCP Default Hardcoded Worker Secret Allows Full Unauthorized Access to All HTTP MCP Worker Endpoints
Description

Arcade MCP allows you to to create, deploy, and share MCP Servers. Prior to 1.5.4, the arcade-mcp HTTP server uses a hardcoded default worker secret ("dev") that is never validated or overridden during normal server startup. As a result, any unauthenticated attacker who knows this default key can forge valid JWTs and fully bypass the FastAPI authentication layer. This grants remote access to all worker endpoints—including tool enumeration and tool invocation—without credentials. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.5.4.

INFO

Published Date :

Dec. 2, 2025, 7:15 p.m.

Last Modified :

Dec. 2, 2025, 7:15 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2025-66454 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

No affected product recoded yet

CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 3.1 MEDIUM [email protected]
Solution
Update Arcade MCP to version 1.5.4 or later to fix the authentication bypass vulnerability.
  • Update Arcade MCP to version 1.5.4.
  • Verify the worker secret is not the default value.
  • Ensure JWTs are properly validated.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2025-66454.

URL Resource
https://github.com/ArcadeAI/arcade-mcp/commit/44660d18ceb220600401303df860a31ca766c817
https://github.com/ArcadeAI/arcade-mcp/pull/691
https://github.com/ArcadeAI/arcade-mcp/security/advisories/GHSA-g2jx-37x6-6438
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2025-66454 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2025-66454 weaknesses.

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2025-66454 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2025-66454 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Dec. 02, 2025

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Description Arcade MCP allows you to to create, deploy, and share MCP Servers. Prior to 1.5.4, the arcade-mcp HTTP server uses a hardcoded default worker secret ("dev") that is never validated or overridden during normal server startup. As a result, any unauthenticated attacker who knows this default key can forge valid JWTs and fully bypass the FastAPI authentication layer. This grants remote access to all worker endpoints—including tool enumeration and tool invocation—without credentials. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.5.4.
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
    Added CWE CWE-798
    Added CWE CWE-321
    Added Reference https://github.com/ArcadeAI/arcade-mcp/commit/44660d18ceb220600401303df860a31ca766c817
    Added Reference https://github.com/ArcadeAI/arcade-mcp/pull/691
    Added Reference https://github.com/ArcadeAI/arcade-mcp/security/advisories/GHSA-g2jx-37x6-6438
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.
Vulnerability Scoring Details
Base CVSS Score: 6.5
Attack Vector
Attack Complexity
Privileges Required
User Interaction
Scope
Confidentiality Impact
Integrity Impact
Availability Impact