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5.5
MEDIUM CVSS 3.1
CVE-2025-9394
PoDoFo PDF Dictionary PdfTokenizer.cpp DetermineDataType use after free
Description

A flaw has been found in PoDoFo 1.1.0-dev. This issue affects the function PdfTokenizer::DetermineDataType of the file src/podofo/main/PdfTokenizer.cpp of the component PDF Dictionary Parser. Executing manipulation can lead to use after free. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. The exploit has been published and may be used. This patch is called 22d16cb142f293bf956f66a4d399cdd65576d36c. A patch should be applied to remediate this issue.

INFO

Published Date :

Aug. 24, 2025, 4:15 p.m.

Last Modified :

Sept. 12, 2025, 8:02 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

No

Source :

[email protected]
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2025-9394 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Podofo_project podofo
: Total Affected Vendor : 1 | Products : 1
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 2.0 MEDIUM [email protected]
CVSS 3.1 MEDIUM [email protected]
CVSS 3.1 MEDIUM [email protected]
CVSS 4.0 MEDIUM [email protected]
Solution
Update PoDoFo to fix a use-after-free vulnerability in PDF Dictionary Parser.
  • Update PoDoFo to include the patch.
  • Apply the patch for PdfTokenizer::DetermineDataType.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2025-9394.

URL Resource
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1edJH17GAiK9R441Gjyj8tiV_2ptoL16U/view?usp=sharing Exploit
https://github.com/podofo/podofo/commit/22d16cb142f293bf956f66a4d399cdd65576d36c Patch
https://github.com/podofo/podofo/issues/275 Exploit Issue Tracking Vendor Advisory
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321227 Permissions Required VDB Entry
https://vuldb.com/?id.321227 Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
https://vuldb.com/?submit.632364 Exploit Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
https://vuldb.com/?submit.632365 Exploit Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
https://github.com/podofo/podofo/issues/275 Exploit Issue Tracking Vendor Advisory
https://vuldb.com/?submit.632364 Exploit Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
https://vuldb.com/?submit.632365 Exploit Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2025-9394 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2025-9394 weaknesses.

CAPEC-8: Buffer Overflow in an API Call Buffer Overflow in an API Call CAPEC-9: Buffer Overflow in Local Command-Line Utilities Buffer Overflow in Local Command-Line Utilities CAPEC-10: Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables CAPEC-14: Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow CAPEC-24: Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow CAPEC-42: MIME Conversion MIME Conversion CAPEC-44: Overflow Binary Resource File Overflow Binary Resource File CAPEC-45: Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links CAPEC-46: Overflow Variables and Tags Overflow Variables and Tags CAPEC-47: Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion CAPEC-100: Overflow Buffers Overflow Buffers CAPEC-123: Buffer Manipulation Buffer Manipulation

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2025-9394 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

Results are limited to the first 20 news articles due to potential performance issues.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2025-9394 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • Initial Analysis by [email protected]

    Sep. 12, 2025

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
    Added CWE CWE-416
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:podofo_project:podofo:1.1.0:dev:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Added Reference Type VulDB: https://github.com/podofo/podofo/issues/275 Types: Exploit, Issue Tracking, Vendor Advisory
    Added Reference Type VulDB: https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321227 Types: Permissions Required, VDB Entry
    Added Reference Type VulDB: https://vuldb.com/?id.321227 Types: Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
    Added Reference Type VulDB: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1edJH17GAiK9R441Gjyj8tiV_2ptoL16U/view?usp=sharing Types: Exploit
    Added Reference Type VulDB: https://github.com/podofo/podofo/commit/22d16cb142f293bf956f66a4d399cdd65576d36c Types: Patch
    Added Reference Type VulDB: https://vuldb.com/?submit.632364 Types: Exploit, Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
    Added Reference Type CISA-ADP: https://github.com/podofo/podofo/issues/275 Types: Exploit, Issue Tracking, Vendor Advisory
    Added Reference Type CISA-ADP: https://vuldb.com/?submit.632364 Types: Exploit, Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
    Added Reference Type VulDB: https://vuldb.com/?submit.632365 Types: Exploit, Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
    Added Reference Type CISA-ADP: https://vuldb.com/?submit.632365 Types: Exploit, Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    Aug. 25, 2025

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Reference https://github.com/podofo/podofo/issues/275
    Added Reference https://vuldb.com/?submit.632364
    Added Reference https://vuldb.com/?submit.632365
  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Aug. 24, 2025

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Description A flaw has been found in PoDoFo 1.1.0-dev. This issue affects the function PdfTokenizer::DetermineDataType of the file src/podofo/main/PdfTokenizer.cpp of the component PDF Dictionary Parser. Executing manipulation can lead to use after free. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. The exploit has been published and may be used. This patch is called 22d16cb142f293bf956f66a4d399cdd65576d36c. A patch should be applied to remediate this issue.
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
    Added CVSS V2 (AV:L/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:P/A:P)
    Added CWE CWE-119
    Added CWE CWE-416
    Added Reference https://drive.google.com/file/d/1edJH17GAiK9R441Gjyj8tiV_2ptoL16U/view?usp=sharing
    Added Reference https://github.com/podofo/podofo/commit/22d16cb142f293bf956f66a4d399cdd65576d36c
    Added Reference https://github.com/podofo/podofo/issues/275
    Added Reference https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321227
    Added Reference https://vuldb.com/?id.321227
    Added Reference https://vuldb.com/?submit.632364
    Added Reference https://vuldb.com/?submit.632365
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.
Vulnerability Scoring Details
Base CVSS Score: 4.8
Attack Vector
Attack Complexity
Attack Requirements
Privileges Required
User Interaction
VS Confidentiality
VS Integrity
VS Availability
SS Confidentiality
SS Integrity
SS Availability
Base CVSS Score: 5.5
Attack Vector
Attack Complexity
Privileges Required
User Interaction
Scope
Confidentiality Impact
Integrity Impact
Availability Impact
Base CVSS Score: 4.3
Access Vector
Access Complexity
Authentication
Confidentiality Impact
Integrity Impact
Availability Impact