7.5
HIGH CVSS 3.1
CVE-2026-102278
brace-expansion: DoS via uncontrolled recursion on nested brace groups causing stack exhaustion
Description

The brace-expansion library generates arbitrary strings containing a common prefix and suffix. Prior to 1.1.20, 2.1.6, 3.0.8, and 5.0.11, deeply nested brace groups cause expand_() to recurse once per nesting level at comma-member and single-set expansion sites, exhausting the native stack before output limits can apply and potentially terminating the Node.js process. expand_ performs uncontrolled recursion for nested brace alternatives and single-part sets. deeply nested brace groups supplied as an untrusted pattern. expand_ is affected. expand is affected. Comma members is affected. Single set is affected. native stack exhaustion during nested sub-expansion. process-terminating denial of service. This issue is fixed in versions 1.1.20, 2.1.6, 3.0.8, and 5.0.11.

INFO

Published Date :

Sept. 28, 2026, 9:17 p.m.

Last Modified :

Sept. 28, 2026, 9:17 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-102278 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Juliangruber brace-expansion
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 3.1 HIGH [email protected]
Solution
Update brace-expansion to a patched version to prevent stack exhaustion and process termination.
  • Update brace-expansion library to version 1.1.20 or later.
  • Update brace-expansion library to version 2.1.6 or later.
  • Update brace-expansion library to version 3.0.8 or later.
  • Update brace-expansion library to version 5.0.11 or later.
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-102278 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2026-102278 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2026-102278 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Sep. 28, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Description The brace-expansion library generates arbitrary strings containing a common prefix and suffix. Prior to 1.1.20, 2.1.6, 3.0.8, and 5.0.11, deeply nested brace groups cause expand_() to recurse once per nesting level at comma-member and single-set expansion sites, exhausting the native stack before output limits can apply and potentially terminating the Node.js process. expand_ performs uncontrolled recursion for nested brace alternatives and single-part sets. deeply nested brace groups supplied as an untrusted pattern. expand_ is affected. expand is affected. Comma members is affected. Single set is affected. native stack exhaustion during nested sub-expansion. process-terminating denial of service. This issue is fixed in versions 1.1.20, 2.1.6, 3.0.8, and 5.0.11.
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
    Added CWE CWE-400
    Added CWE CWE-674
    Added Affected New affected value received. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2026/102xxx/CVE-2026-102278.json">CVE-2026-102278</a>
    Added Reference https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/1efee7c397c191da6287a78ec19512476a966a7b
    Added Reference https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/935d78f32f335b2ff76578e5c5e877d31ae9888c
    Added Reference https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/de84f144e9816f30e25fc8179e2e1249ab6df0db
    Added Reference https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/security/advisories/GHSA-qhr7-859c-m2p7
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.