CVE-2026-13149
brace-expansion Denial of Service
Description
brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding '{}' brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work.
INFO
Published Date :
June 30, 2026, 10:16 a.m.
Last Modified :
July 8, 2026, 12:17 p.m.
Remotely Exploit :
Yes !
Source :
22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df
CVSS Scores
| Score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability Score | Impact Score | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS | 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 | |||||
| CVSS 4.0 | HIGH | 22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df | ||||
| CVSS 4.0 | HIGH | 22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df |
Solution
- Upgrade the brace-expansion library to the latest version.
- Review brace expansion usage for potential abuse.
- Implement input validation for brace expansion.
- Monitor CPU usage for denial of service attacks.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2026-13149.
| URL | Resource |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/c7e33ec13ac1a684c116720843ce24e208611754 | |
| https://www.npmjs.com/package/brace-expansion |
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-13149 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-13149
weaknesses.
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2026-13149 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2026-13149 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
-
CVE Modified by 22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df
Jul. 08, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Changed Affected [{'vendor': 'juliangruber', 'product': 'brace-expansion', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '0', 'versionType': 'semver', 'lessThanOrEqual': '5.0.6'}], 'platforms': ['Linux', 'macOS', 'Windows'], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}] [{'repo': 'https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion', 'vendor': 'juliangruber', 'product': 'brace-expansion', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '0', 'versionType': 'semver', 'lessThanOrEqual': '5.0.6'}], 'packageName': 'brace-expansion', 'collectionURL': 'https://registry.npmjs.org', 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}] -
CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
Jun. 30, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added SSVC {'id': 'CVE-2026-13149', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'none'}, {'automatable': 'yes'}, {'technicalImpact': 'partial'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2026-06-30T12:43:12.568372Z'} -
New CVE Received by 22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df
Jun. 30, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Affected [{'vendor': 'juliangruber', 'product': 'brace-expansion', 'versions': [{'status': 'affected', 'version': '0', 'versionType': 'semver', 'lessThanOrEqual': '5.0.6'}], 'platforms': ['Linux', 'macOS', 'Windows'], 'defaultStatus': 'unaffected'}] Added Description brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding '{}' brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work. Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:N/AU:Y/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber Added CWE CWE-407 Added CWE CWE-400 Added Reference https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/c7e33ec13ac1a684c116720843ce24e208611754 Added Reference https://www.npmjs.com/package/brace-expansion