8.2
HIGH CVSS 4.0
CVE-2026-19401
Remote UDP DoS by sending multiple DNS Cookie options
Description

Any remote client can crash a (debugging/non-release build type) NSD serve child by sending it a special crafted message with a specially tuned number of DNS Cookie options (17 when UDP payload size is 512). By continuously crashing the serve childs, the remote client can severely hamper or, when positioned sufficiently close, deny all DNS service.

INFO

Published Date :

Aug. 26, 2026, 9:16 a.m.

Last Modified :

Sept. 8, 2026, 8 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

No
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-19401 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Nlnetlabs nsd
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
CVSS 3.1 HIGH [email protected]
CVSS 4.0 HIGH 206fc3a0-e175-490b-9eaa-a5738056c9f6
CVSS 4.0 HIGH [email protected]
Solution
Disable debugging builds and ensure proper handling of DNS Cookie options.
  • Use release builds instead of debugging builds.
  • Validate DNS Cookie option counts.
  • Implement robust message parsing.
  • Update NSD server software.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2026-19401.

URL Resource
https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/nsd/CVE-2026-19401.txt Vendor Advisory
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-19401 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-19401 weaknesses.

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2026-19401 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2026-19401 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • Initial Analysis by [email protected]

    Sep. 08, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
    Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:nlnetlabs:nsd:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 4.3.7 up to (excluding) 4.15.1
    Added Reference Type NLnet Labs: https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/nsd/CVE-2026-19401.txt Types: Vendor Advisory
  • CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    Aug. 26, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added SSVC {'id': 'CVE-2026-19401', 'role': 'CISA Coordinator', 'options': [{'exploitation': 'none'}, {'automatable': 'no'}, {'technicalImpact': 'partial'}], 'version': '2.0.3', 'timestamp': '2026-08-26T14:09:46.662987Z'}
  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Aug. 26, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Description Any remote client can crash a (debugging/non-release build type) NSD serve child by sending it a special crafted message with a specially tuned number of DNS Cookie options (17 when UDP payload size is 512). By continuously crashing the serve childs, the remote client can severely hamper or, when positioned sufficiently close, deny all DNS service.
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CWE CWE-400
    Added CWE CWE-617
    Added Affected New affected value received. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2026/19xxx/CVE-2026-19401.json">CVE-2026-19401</a>
    Added Reference https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/nsd/CVE-2026-19401.txt
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.