CVE-2026-33640
Outline has a rate limit bypass that allows brute force of email login OTP
Description
Outline is a service that allows for collaborative documentation. Outline implements an Email OTP login flow for users not associated with an Identity Provider. Starting in version 0.86.0 and prior to version 1.6.0, Outline does not invalidate OTP codes based on amount or frequency of invalid submissions, rather it relies on the rate limiter to restrict attempts. Consequently, identified bypasses in the rate limiter permit unrestricted OTP code submissions within the codes lifetime. This allows attackers to perform brute force attacks which enable account takeover. Version 1.6.0 fixes the issue.
INFO
Published Date :
March 26, 2026, 9:17 p.m.
Last Modified :
March 31, 2026, 1:42 a.m.
Remotely Exploit :
Yes !
Source :
[email protected]
CVSS Scores
| Score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability Score | Impact Score | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | CRITICAL | [email protected] | ||||
| CVSS 4.0 | CRITICAL | [email protected] |
Solution
- Update Outline to version 1.6.0 or later.
- Ensure OTP rate limiting is properly configured.
- Monitor authentication logs for suspicious activity.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2026-33640.
| URL | Resource |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/outline/outline/releases/tag/v1.6.0 | Release Notes |
| https://github.com/outline/outline/security/advisories/GHSA-cwhc-53hw-qqx6 | Exploit Vendor Advisory |
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-33640 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-33640
weaknesses.
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2026-33640 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2026-33640 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
-
Initial Analysis by [email protected]
Mar. 31, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:getoutline:outline:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 0.86.0 up to (excluding) 1.6.0 Added Reference Type GitHub, Inc.: https://github.com/outline/outline/releases/tag/v1.6.0 Types: Release Notes Added Reference Type GitHub, Inc.: https://github.com/outline/outline/security/advisories/GHSA-cwhc-53hw-qqx6 Types: Exploit, Vendor Advisory -
New CVE Received by [email protected]
Mar. 26, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Description Outline is a service that allows for collaborative documentation. Outline implements an Email OTP login flow for users not associated with an Identity Provider. Starting in version 0.86.0 and prior to version 1.6.0, Outline does not invalidate OTP codes based on amount or frequency of invalid submissions, rather it relies on the rate limiter to restrict attempts. Consequently, identified bypasses in the rate limiter permit unrestricted OTP code submissions within the codes lifetime. This allows attackers to perform brute force attacks which enable account takeover. Version 1.6.0 fixes the issue. Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X Added CWE CWE-307 Added Reference https://github.com/outline/outline/releases/tag/v1.6.0 Added Reference https://github.com/outline/outline/security/advisories/GHSA-cwhc-53hw-qqx6